Built environment and active commuting: Rural-urban differences in the U.S
The purpose of this research was to investigate rural-urban differences in participation rates in three modes of active commuting (AC) and their built environmental correlates. The 2010 Census supplemented with other datasets were used to analyze AC rates in percent of workers age 16+ walking, bikin...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Elsevier
2017-12-01
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| Series: | SSM: Population Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827317301027 |
| _version_ | 1819266209363787776 |
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| author | Jessie X. Fan Ming Wen Neng Wan |
| author_facet | Jessie X. Fan Ming Wen Neng Wan |
| author_sort | Jessie X. Fan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The purpose of this research was to investigate rural-urban differences in participation rates in three modes of active commuting (AC) and their built environmental correlates. The 2010 Census supplemented with other datasets were used to analyze AC rates in percent of workers age 16+ walking, biking, or taking public transportation to work in 70,172 Census tracts, including 12,844 rural and 57,328 urban. Random-intercept factional logit regressions were used to account for zero-inflated data and for clustering of tracts within counties. We found that the average AC rates were 3.44% rural and 2.77% urban (p<0.01) for walking to work, 0.40% rural and 0.58% urban (p<0.01) for biking to work, and 0.59% rural and 5.86% urban (p<0.01) for public transportation to work. Some environmental variables had similar relationships with AC in rural and urban tracts, such as a negative association between tract greenness and prevalence of walking to work. Others had opposite correlational directions for rural vs. urban, such as street connectivity for walking to work and population density for both walking to work and public transportation to work. We concluded that rurality is an important moderator in AC-environment relationships. In developing strategies to promote AC, attention needs to be paid to rural-urban differences to avoid unintended consequences. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T20:57:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1947857193e1436db206b1ced92b025c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2352-8273 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T20:57:38Z |
| publishDate | 2017-12-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | SSM: Population Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-1947857193e1436db206b1ced92b025c2022-12-21T17:31:28ZengElsevierSSM: Population Health2352-82732017-12-013C43544110.1016/j.ssmph.2017.05.007Built environment and active commuting: Rural-urban differences in the U.SJessie X. Fan0Ming Wen1Neng Wan2Department of Family and Consumer Studies, University of Utah, 225 S 1400 E AEB 228, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0080, United StatesDepartment of Sociology, University of Utah, 380 S 1530 E Rm 301, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-0250, United StatesDepartment of Geography, 332 S 1400 E, RM. 217, Salt Lake City, UT 84112-9155, United StatesThe purpose of this research was to investigate rural-urban differences in participation rates in three modes of active commuting (AC) and their built environmental correlates. The 2010 Census supplemented with other datasets were used to analyze AC rates in percent of workers age 16+ walking, biking, or taking public transportation to work in 70,172 Census tracts, including 12,844 rural and 57,328 urban. Random-intercept factional logit regressions were used to account for zero-inflated data and for clustering of tracts within counties. We found that the average AC rates were 3.44% rural and 2.77% urban (p<0.01) for walking to work, 0.40% rural and 0.58% urban (p<0.01) for biking to work, and 0.59% rural and 5.86% urban (p<0.01) for public transportation to work. Some environmental variables had similar relationships with AC in rural and urban tracts, such as a negative association between tract greenness and prevalence of walking to work. Others had opposite correlational directions for rural vs. urban, such as street connectivity for walking to work and population density for both walking to work and public transportation to work. We concluded that rurality is an important moderator in AC-environment relationships. In developing strategies to promote AC, attention needs to be paid to rural-urban differences to avoid unintended consequences.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827317301027Active commutingActive transportationRuralUrbanBuilt environmentCensus tracts |
| spellingShingle | Jessie X. Fan Ming Wen Neng Wan Built environment and active commuting: Rural-urban differences in the U.S SSM: Population Health Active commuting Active transportation Rural Urban Built environment Census tracts |
| title | Built environment and active commuting: Rural-urban differences in the U.S |
| title_full | Built environment and active commuting: Rural-urban differences in the U.S |
| title_fullStr | Built environment and active commuting: Rural-urban differences in the U.S |
| title_full_unstemmed | Built environment and active commuting: Rural-urban differences in the U.S |
| title_short | Built environment and active commuting: Rural-urban differences in the U.S |
| title_sort | built environment and active commuting rural urban differences in the u s |
| topic | Active commuting Active transportation Rural Urban Built environment Census tracts |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827317301027 |
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