Enhanced Sensitivity Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based Tapered-in-Tapered Fiber-Optic Biosensor for the Immunoassay of C-Reactive Protein
A Mach–Zehnder interferometer-based tapered-in-tapered fiber-optic biosensor was introduced in this paper. By integrating a micro-tapered fiber into a single tapered fiber structure, the design enhances sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and resolution capability, while reducing the length of the s...
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MDPI AG
2025-02-01
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| Series: | Biosensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/2/90 |
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| author | Lei Xiao Xinghong Chen Xuejin Li Jinghan Zhang Yan Wang Dongqing Li Xueming Hong Yonghong Shao Yuzhi Chen |
| author_facet | Lei Xiao Xinghong Chen Xuejin Li Jinghan Zhang Yan Wang Dongqing Li Xueming Hong Yonghong Shao Yuzhi Chen |
| author_sort | Lei Xiao |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A Mach–Zehnder interferometer-based tapered-in-tapered fiber-optic biosensor was introduced in this paper. By integrating a micro-tapered fiber into a single tapered fiber structure, the design enhances sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and resolution capability, while reducing the length of the sensing fiber. Through simulation analysis, it was found that the tapered-in-tapered fiber significantly improved the refractive index detection sensitivity by exciting a stronger evanescent field effect. The experimental comparison between the tapered-in-tapered fiber and traditional tapered fiber showed a 1.7-fold increase in sensitivity, reaching 3266.78 nm/RIU within the refractive index range of 1.3326 to 1.3414. Furthermore, to expand its application prospects in the biomedical field, glutaraldehyde cross-linking technology was used to immobilize C-reactive protein (CRP) antibodies on the surface of the tapered-in-tapered fiber, successfully creating a biosensing platform for the specific recognition of CRP. The experimental results demonstrate that this novel biosensor can rapidly and accurately detect CRP molecules at different concentrations with a detection limit of 0.278 μg/mL, and that it exhibits good selectivity and repeatability. This tapered-in-tapered fiber-optic biosensor provides new insights into the development of high-performance fiber-optic immunosensors and shows broad application potential in immunology research and early disease diagnosis. |
| first_indexed | 2025-03-14T15:14:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1969ffe7c9de4e3298236b30bcc9f1bc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-6374 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2025-03-14T15:14:24Z |
| publishDate | 2025-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biosensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-1969ffe7c9de4e3298236b30bcc9f1bc2025-02-25T13:16:27ZengMDPI AGBiosensors2079-63742025-02-011529010.3390/bios15020090Enhanced Sensitivity Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based Tapered-in-Tapered Fiber-Optic Biosensor for the Immunoassay of C-Reactive ProteinLei Xiao0Xinghong Chen1Xuejin Li2Jinghan Zhang3Yan Wang4Dongqing Li5Xueming Hong6Yonghong Shao7Yuzhi Chen8College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaCollege of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, ChinaA Mach–Zehnder interferometer-based tapered-in-tapered fiber-optic biosensor was introduced in this paper. By integrating a micro-tapered fiber into a single tapered fiber structure, the design enhances sensitivity, signal-to-noise ratio, and resolution capability, while reducing the length of the sensing fiber. Through simulation analysis, it was found that the tapered-in-tapered fiber significantly improved the refractive index detection sensitivity by exciting a stronger evanescent field effect. The experimental comparison between the tapered-in-tapered fiber and traditional tapered fiber showed a 1.7-fold increase in sensitivity, reaching 3266.78 nm/RIU within the refractive index range of 1.3326 to 1.3414. Furthermore, to expand its application prospects in the biomedical field, glutaraldehyde cross-linking technology was used to immobilize C-reactive protein (CRP) antibodies on the surface of the tapered-in-tapered fiber, successfully creating a biosensing platform for the specific recognition of CRP. The experimental results demonstrate that this novel biosensor can rapidly and accurately detect CRP molecules at different concentrations with a detection limit of 0.278 μg/mL, and that it exhibits good selectivity and repeatability. This tapered-in-tapered fiber-optic biosensor provides new insights into the development of high-performance fiber-optic immunosensors and shows broad application potential in immunology research and early disease diagnosis.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/2/90fiber-optic biosensorstapered-in-tapered fibersC-reactive protein detection |
| spellingShingle | Lei Xiao Xinghong Chen Xuejin Li Jinghan Zhang Yan Wang Dongqing Li Xueming Hong Yonghong Shao Yuzhi Chen Enhanced Sensitivity Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based Tapered-in-Tapered Fiber-Optic Biosensor for the Immunoassay of C-Reactive Protein Biosensors fiber-optic biosensors tapered-in-tapered fibers C-reactive protein detection |
| title | Enhanced Sensitivity Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based Tapered-in-Tapered Fiber-Optic Biosensor for the Immunoassay of C-Reactive Protein |
| title_full | Enhanced Sensitivity Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based Tapered-in-Tapered Fiber-Optic Biosensor for the Immunoassay of C-Reactive Protein |
| title_fullStr | Enhanced Sensitivity Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based Tapered-in-Tapered Fiber-Optic Biosensor for the Immunoassay of C-Reactive Protein |
| title_full_unstemmed | Enhanced Sensitivity Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based Tapered-in-Tapered Fiber-Optic Biosensor for the Immunoassay of C-Reactive Protein |
| title_short | Enhanced Sensitivity Mach–Zehnder Interferometer-Based Tapered-in-Tapered Fiber-Optic Biosensor for the Immunoassay of C-Reactive Protein |
| title_sort | enhanced sensitivity mach zehnder interferometer based tapered in tapered fiber optic biosensor for the immunoassay of c reactive protein |
| topic | fiber-optic biosensors tapered-in-tapered fibers C-reactive protein detection |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/15/2/90 |
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