Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated Bacteriocins
A wide variety of antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been identified and studied in the last decades. Known as bacteriocins, these ribosomally synthesized peptides inhibit the growth of a wide range of bacterial species through numerous mechanisms and show a great var...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2018-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01048/full |
| _version_ | 1818246321559044096 |
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| author | François Bédard François Bédard Eric Biron Eric Biron |
| author_facet | François Bédard François Bédard Eric Biron Eric Biron |
| author_sort | François Bédard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A wide variety of antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been identified and studied in the last decades. Known as bacteriocins, these ribosomally synthesized peptides inhibit the growth of a wide range of bacterial species through numerous mechanisms and show a great variety of spectrum of activity. With their great potential as antimicrobial additives and alternatives to traditional antibiotics in food preservation and handling, animal production and in veterinary and medical medicine, the demand for bacteriocins is rapidly increasing. Bacteriocins are most often produced by fermentation but, in several cases, the low isolated yields and difficulties associated with their purification seriously limit their use on a large scale. Chemical synthesis has been proposed for their production and recent advances in peptide synthesis methodologies have allowed the preparation of several bacteriocins. Moreover, the significant cost reduction for peptide synthesis reagents and building blocks has made chemical synthesis of bacteriocins more attractive and competitive. From a protein engineering point of view, the chemical approach offers many advantages such as the possibility to rapidly perform amino acid substitution, use unnatural or modified residues, and make backbone and side chain modifications to improve potency, modify the activity spectrum or increase the stability of the targeted bacteriocin. This review summarized synthetic approaches that have been developed and used in recent years to allow the preparation of class IIa bacteriocins and S-linked glycopeptides from LAB. Synthetic strategies such as the use of pseudoprolines, backbone protecting groups, microwave irradiations, selective disulfide bridge formation and chemical ligations to prepare class II and S-glycosylsated bacteriocins are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T14:46:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-198196bf0fb745dabe08fe7dec3106de |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T14:46:57Z |
| publishDate | 2018-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-198196bf0fb745dabe08fe7dec3106de2022-12-22T00:21:06ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2018-05-01910.3389/fmicb.2018.01048311542Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated BacteriocinsFrançois Bédard0François Bédard1Eric Biron2Eric Biron3Faculty of Pharmacy and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC, CanadaLaboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, CanadaFaculty of Pharmacy and Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods, Université Laval, Québec, QC, CanadaLaboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Québec Research Centre, Québec, QC, CanadaA wide variety of antimicrobial peptides produced by lactic acid bacteria (LAB) have been identified and studied in the last decades. Known as bacteriocins, these ribosomally synthesized peptides inhibit the growth of a wide range of bacterial species through numerous mechanisms and show a great variety of spectrum of activity. With their great potential as antimicrobial additives and alternatives to traditional antibiotics in food preservation and handling, animal production and in veterinary and medical medicine, the demand for bacteriocins is rapidly increasing. Bacteriocins are most often produced by fermentation but, in several cases, the low isolated yields and difficulties associated with their purification seriously limit their use on a large scale. Chemical synthesis has been proposed for their production and recent advances in peptide synthesis methodologies have allowed the preparation of several bacteriocins. Moreover, the significant cost reduction for peptide synthesis reagents and building blocks has made chemical synthesis of bacteriocins more attractive and competitive. From a protein engineering point of view, the chemical approach offers many advantages such as the possibility to rapidly perform amino acid substitution, use unnatural or modified residues, and make backbone and side chain modifications to improve potency, modify the activity spectrum or increase the stability of the targeted bacteriocin. This review summarized synthetic approaches that have been developed and used in recent years to allow the preparation of class IIa bacteriocins and S-linked glycopeptides from LAB. Synthetic strategies such as the use of pseudoprolines, backbone protecting groups, microwave irradiations, selective disulfide bridge formation and chemical ligations to prepare class II and S-glycosylsated bacteriocins are discussed.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01048/fullbacteriocinsantimicrobial peptidespeptide synthesissolid-phase peptide synthesisnative chemical ligationmicrowave-assisted synthesis |
| spellingShingle | François Bédard François Bédard Eric Biron Eric Biron Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated Bacteriocins Frontiers in Microbiology bacteriocins antimicrobial peptides peptide synthesis solid-phase peptide synthesis native chemical ligation microwave-assisted synthesis |
| title | Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated Bacteriocins |
| title_full | Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated Bacteriocins |
| title_fullStr | Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated Bacteriocins |
| title_full_unstemmed | Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated Bacteriocins |
| title_short | Recent Progress in the Chemical Synthesis of Class II and S-Glycosylated Bacteriocins |
| title_sort | recent progress in the chemical synthesis of class ii and s glycosylated bacteriocins |
| topic | bacteriocins antimicrobial peptides peptide synthesis solid-phase peptide synthesis native chemical ligation microwave-assisted synthesis |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2018.01048/full |
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