Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless Networks
In low-duty-cycle wireless networks with unreliable and correlated links, Opportunistic Routing (OR) is extremely costly because of the unaligned working schedules of nodes within a common candidate forwarder set. In this work, we propose a novel polynomial-time node scheduling scheme considering li...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-06-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3840 |
| _version_ | 1797531637423013888 |
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| author | Xingfa Shen Lili Liu Zhenxian Ni Mingxin Liu Bei Zhao Yuling Shang |
| author_facet | Xingfa Shen Lili Liu Zhenxian Ni Mingxin Liu Bei Zhao Yuling Shang |
| author_sort | Xingfa Shen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In low-duty-cycle wireless networks with unreliable and correlated links, Opportunistic Routing (OR) is extremely costly because of the unaligned working schedules of nodes within a common candidate forwarder set. In this work, we propose a novel polynomial-time node scheduling scheme considering link correlation for OR in low-duty-cycle wireless networks (LDC-COR), which significantly improves the performance by assigning nodes with low correlation to a common group and scheduling the nodes within this group to wake up simultaneously for forwarding packets in a common cycle. By taking account of both link correlation and link quality, the performance of the expected transmission count (ETX) is improved by adopting the LDC-COR protocol. As a result, the energy consumption of low-duty-cycle OR is significantly reduced. LDC-COR only requires the information of one-hop neighboring nodes which introduces minimal communication overhead. The proposed LDC-COR bridges the gap between the nodes’ limited energy resource and the application lifetime requirements. We evaluate the performance of LDC-COR with extensive simulations and a physical wireless testbed consisting of 20 TelosB nodes. The evaluation results show that both transmission efficiency and energy consumption of low-duty-cycle OR are significantly improved with only a slight increase of end-to-end delay. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:47:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-198bc6117dd0442da8a62f6581484bd2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T10:47:33Z |
| publishDate | 2021-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-198bc6117dd0442da8a62f6581484bd22023-11-21T22:28:34ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202021-06-012111384010.3390/s21113840Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless NetworksXingfa Shen0Lili Liu1Zhenxian Ni2Mingxin Liu3Bei Zhao4Yuling Shang5School of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaCollege of Electrical and Information Engineering, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, ChinaSchool of Computer Science and Technology, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaShanghai Lilith Technology Corporation, Jiading District, Shanghai 200233, ChinaIn low-duty-cycle wireless networks with unreliable and correlated links, Opportunistic Routing (OR) is extremely costly because of the unaligned working schedules of nodes within a common candidate forwarder set. In this work, we propose a novel polynomial-time node scheduling scheme considering link correlation for OR in low-duty-cycle wireless networks (LDC-COR), which significantly improves the performance by assigning nodes with low correlation to a common group and scheduling the nodes within this group to wake up simultaneously for forwarding packets in a common cycle. By taking account of both link correlation and link quality, the performance of the expected transmission count (ETX) is improved by adopting the LDC-COR protocol. As a result, the energy consumption of low-duty-cycle OR is significantly reduced. LDC-COR only requires the information of one-hop neighboring nodes which introduces minimal communication overhead. The proposed LDC-COR bridges the gap between the nodes’ limited energy resource and the application lifetime requirements. We evaluate the performance of LDC-COR with extensive simulations and a physical wireless testbed consisting of 20 TelosB nodes. The evaluation results show that both transmission efficiency and energy consumption of low-duty-cycle OR are significantly improved with only a slight increase of end-to-end delay.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3840opportunistic routinglink correlationlow-duty-cycleexpected transmission count |
| spellingShingle | Xingfa Shen Lili Liu Zhenxian Ni Mingxin Liu Bei Zhao Yuling Shang Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless Networks Sensors opportunistic routing link correlation low-duty-cycle expected transmission count |
| title | Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless Networks |
| title_full | Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless Networks |
| title_fullStr | Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless Networks |
| title_short | Link-Correlation-Aware Opportunistic Routing in Low-Duty-Cycle Wireless Networks |
| title_sort | link correlation aware opportunistic routing in low duty cycle wireless networks |
| topic | opportunistic routing link correlation low-duty-cycle expected transmission count |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/21/11/3840 |
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