Essential Oil Variability in Iranian Populations of <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer: A Rich Source of Hexyl Butyrate and Octyl Acetate
<i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer seeds are a rich source of essential oils (EOs) with high antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. In order to determine the phytochemical variability in various Iranian <i>H. persicum</i> populations, seed samples were collected from...
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/19/6296 |
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| author | Seyed Hamid Mustafavi Amin Abbasi Mohammad Reza Morshedloo Mirian Pateiro Jose M. Lorenzo |
| author_facet | Seyed Hamid Mustafavi Amin Abbasi Mohammad Reza Morshedloo Mirian Pateiro Jose M. Lorenzo |
| author_sort | Seyed Hamid Mustafavi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer seeds are a rich source of essential oils (EOs) with high antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. In order to determine the phytochemical variability in various Iranian <i>H. persicum</i> populations, seed samples were collected from 10 different climatic locations. The current study indicated that hexyl butyrate (20.9–44.7%), octyl acetate (11.2–20.3%), hexyl-2-methylbutyrate (4.81–8.64%), and octyl 2-methyl butyrate (3.41–8.91%) were the major components of the EOs. The maximum (44.7%) and the minimum (20.9%) content of hexyl butyrate were obtained from Kaleibar and Sari populations, respectively. Moreover, the octyl acetate content ranged from 2% (in Mahdasht) to 20.3% in Torghabeh population. The CA and PCA analysis divided the 10 Iranian <i>H. persicum</i> populations into three major groups. Populations from Khanghah, Kaleibar, Shebeilo, Showt, Mahdasht, and Amin Abbad showed a distinct separation in comparison with the other populations, having high contents of hexyl butyrate (39.8%) and low contents of octyl acetate (13.5%) (Chemotype II). According to correlation analysis, the highest correlation coefficient was among habitat elevation and hexyl butyrate content. In addition, the mean annual precipitation was negatively correlated with the content of hexyl butyrate. Although octyl acetate content showed high correlation with soil EC and mean annual temperature, it was not statistically significant. In general, in order to have plants with a high content of hexyl butyrate, it is recommended to harvest these plants from regions with high altitude and low rainfall such as Kaleibar. |
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| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T21:25:20Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-199102fc924a4bfda7afb221385827cb2023-11-23T21:09:00ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492022-09-012719629610.3390/molecules27196296Essential Oil Variability in Iranian Populations of <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer: A Rich Source of Hexyl Butyrate and Octyl AcetateSeyed Hamid Mustafavi0Amin Abbasi1Mohammad Reza Morshedloo2Mirian Pateiro3Jose M. Lorenzo4Karaneh Nilgoon Ofogh (KNO) Agricultural Company, Tehran 1631668951, IranDepartment of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Maragheh University, Maragheh 8311155181, IranDepartment of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh 8311155181, IranCentro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, SpainCentro Tecnológico de la Carne de Galicia, Rúa Galicia N° 4, Parque Tecnológico de Galicia, 32900 San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain<i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer seeds are a rich source of essential oils (EOs) with high antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. In order to determine the phytochemical variability in various Iranian <i>H. persicum</i> populations, seed samples were collected from 10 different climatic locations. The current study indicated that hexyl butyrate (20.9–44.7%), octyl acetate (11.2–20.3%), hexyl-2-methylbutyrate (4.81–8.64%), and octyl 2-methyl butyrate (3.41–8.91%) were the major components of the EOs. The maximum (44.7%) and the minimum (20.9%) content of hexyl butyrate were obtained from Kaleibar and Sari populations, respectively. Moreover, the octyl acetate content ranged from 2% (in Mahdasht) to 20.3% in Torghabeh population. The CA and PCA analysis divided the 10 Iranian <i>H. persicum</i> populations into three major groups. Populations from Khanghah, Kaleibar, Shebeilo, Showt, Mahdasht, and Amin Abbad showed a distinct separation in comparison with the other populations, having high contents of hexyl butyrate (39.8%) and low contents of octyl acetate (13.5%) (Chemotype II). According to correlation analysis, the highest correlation coefficient was among habitat elevation and hexyl butyrate content. In addition, the mean annual precipitation was negatively correlated with the content of hexyl butyrate. Although octyl acetate content showed high correlation with soil EC and mean annual temperature, it was not statistically significant. In general, in order to have plants with a high content of hexyl butyrate, it is recommended to harvest these plants from regions with high altitude and low rainfall such as Kaleibar.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/19/6296phytochemical diversitychemotypehexyl butyrateoctyl acetate |
| spellingShingle | Seyed Hamid Mustafavi Amin Abbasi Mohammad Reza Morshedloo Mirian Pateiro Jose M. Lorenzo Essential Oil Variability in Iranian Populations of <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer: A Rich Source of Hexyl Butyrate and Octyl Acetate Molecules phytochemical diversity chemotype hexyl butyrate octyl acetate |
| title | Essential Oil Variability in Iranian Populations of <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer: A Rich Source of Hexyl Butyrate and Octyl Acetate |
| title_full | Essential Oil Variability in Iranian Populations of <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer: A Rich Source of Hexyl Butyrate and Octyl Acetate |
| title_fullStr | Essential Oil Variability in Iranian Populations of <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer: A Rich Source of Hexyl Butyrate and Octyl Acetate |
| title_full_unstemmed | Essential Oil Variability in Iranian Populations of <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer: A Rich Source of Hexyl Butyrate and Octyl Acetate |
| title_short | Essential Oil Variability in Iranian Populations of <i>Heracleum persicum</i> Desf. ex Fischer: A Rich Source of Hexyl Butyrate and Octyl Acetate |
| title_sort | essential oil variability in iranian populations of i heracleum persicum i desf ex fischer a rich source of hexyl butyrate and octyl acetate |
| topic | phytochemical diversity chemotype hexyl butyrate octyl acetate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/27/19/6296 |
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