The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana
Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that regulates various processes, including plant growth and development, immunity, and environmental interactions. Using high throughput RNA-seq data, we explored the role of the NO-induced ATILL6 gene in plant growth and defense using functional genomics....
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2021-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.685156/full |
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| author | Murtaza Khan Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al Azawi Anjali Pande Bong-Gyu Mun Da-Sol Lee Adil Hussain Byung-Hyun Lee Byung-Wook Yun |
| author_facet | Murtaza Khan Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al Azawi Anjali Pande Bong-Gyu Mun Da-Sol Lee Adil Hussain Byung-Hyun Lee Byung-Wook Yun |
| author_sort | Murtaza Khan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that regulates various processes, including plant growth and development, immunity, and environmental interactions. Using high throughput RNA-seq data, we explored the role of the NO-induced ATILL6 gene in plant growth and defense using functional genomics. The atill6 mutant and wild-types were challenged with either oxidative (H2O2, MV) or nitro-oxidative (CySNO, GSNO) stress conditions, and the phenotypic results showed that ATILL6 gene differentially regulates cotyledon development frequency (CDF) as well as the root and shoot lengths of the plants. To investigate whether ATILL6 plays a role in plant basal or resistance (R)-gene-mediated defense, the plants were challenged with either virulent or avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato (Pst) DC3000. The atill6 line showed a susceptible phenotype, higher pathogen growth, and highly reduced transcript accumulation of PR1 and PR2 genes. These results suggested that ATILL6 positively regulates plant basal defense. Furthermore, after the inoculation of atill6 with avirulent Pst (DC3000), the expressions of the PR1 and PR2 genes decreased, suggesting a positive role in R-gene-mediated resistance in protecting the plant from further spread of disease. We also investigated the role of ATILL6 in systemic acquired resistance (SAR), and the results showed that ATILL6 positively regulates SAR, as the mutant line atill6 has significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower transcript accumulation of PR, G3DPH, and AZI genes. Overall, these results indicate that the NO-induced ATILL6 gene differentially regulates plant growth and positively regulates plant basal defense, R-gene-mediated resistance, and SAR. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:19:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-199d1414902e4bee82fd7fab142ee40c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-20T22:19:58Z |
| publishDate | 2021-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-199d1414902e4bee82fd7fab142ee40c2022-12-21T19:24:57ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2021-07-011210.3389/fpls.2021.685156685156The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thalianaMurtaza Khan0Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al Azawi1Anjali Pande2Bong-Gyu Mun3Da-Sol Lee4Adil Hussain5Byung-Hyun Lee6Byung-Wook Yun7School of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South KoreaMinistry of Agriculture State Company for Agricultural Supplies, Baghdad, IraqSchool of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South KoreaSchool of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South KoreaSchool of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South KoreaDepartment of Entomology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, PakistanDivision of Applied Life Science (BK21 Program), Institute of Agriculture and Life Science (IALS), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center (PMBBRC), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South KoreaSchool of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South KoreaNitric oxide (NO) is a signaling molecule that regulates various processes, including plant growth and development, immunity, and environmental interactions. Using high throughput RNA-seq data, we explored the role of the NO-induced ATILL6 gene in plant growth and defense using functional genomics. The atill6 mutant and wild-types were challenged with either oxidative (H2O2, MV) or nitro-oxidative (CySNO, GSNO) stress conditions, and the phenotypic results showed that ATILL6 gene differentially regulates cotyledon development frequency (CDF) as well as the root and shoot lengths of the plants. To investigate whether ATILL6 plays a role in plant basal or resistance (R)-gene-mediated defense, the plants were challenged with either virulent or avirulent strains of Pseudomonas syringae pathovar tomato (Pst) DC3000. The atill6 line showed a susceptible phenotype, higher pathogen growth, and highly reduced transcript accumulation of PR1 and PR2 genes. These results suggested that ATILL6 positively regulates plant basal defense. Furthermore, after the inoculation of atill6 with avirulent Pst (DC3000), the expressions of the PR1 and PR2 genes decreased, suggesting a positive role in R-gene-mediated resistance in protecting the plant from further spread of disease. We also investigated the role of ATILL6 in systemic acquired resistance (SAR), and the results showed that ATILL6 positively regulates SAR, as the mutant line atill6 has significantly (p ≤ 0.05) lower transcript accumulation of PR, G3DPH, and AZI genes. Overall, these results indicate that the NO-induced ATILL6 gene differentially regulates plant growth and positively regulates plant basal defense, R-gene-mediated resistance, and SAR.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.685156/fullArabidopsis thalianagrowth under controloxidative stressnitro-oxidative stressplant defense |
| spellingShingle | Murtaza Khan Tiba Nazar Ibrahim Al Azawi Anjali Pande Bong-Gyu Mun Da-Sol Lee Adil Hussain Byung-Hyun Lee Byung-Wook Yun The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana Frontiers in Plant Science Arabidopsis thaliana growth under control oxidative stress nitro-oxidative stress plant defense |
| title | The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_full | The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_fullStr | The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_short | The Role of Nitric Oxide-Induced ATILL6 in Growth and Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana |
| title_sort | role of nitric oxide induced atill6 in growth and disease resistance in arabidopsis thaliana |
| topic | Arabidopsis thaliana growth under control oxidative stress nitro-oxidative stress plant defense |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2021.685156/full |
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