Highly Porous Carbons Synthesized from Tannic Acid via a Combined Mechanochemical Salt-Templating and Mild Activation Strategy
Highly porous activated carbons were synthesized via the mechanochemical salt-templating method using both sustainable precursors and sustainable chemical activators. Tannic acid is a polyphenolic compound derived from biomass, which, together with urea, can serve as a low-cost, environmentally frie...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-03-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/7/1826 |
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| author | Sylwia Głowniak Barbara Szczęśniak Jerzy Choma Mietek Jaroniec |
| author_facet | Sylwia Głowniak Barbara Szczęśniak Jerzy Choma Mietek Jaroniec |
| author_sort | Sylwia Głowniak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Highly porous activated carbons were synthesized via the mechanochemical salt-templating method using both sustainable precursors and sustainable chemical activators. Tannic acid is a polyphenolic compound derived from biomass, which, together with urea, can serve as a low-cost, environmentally friendly precursor for the preparation of efficient N-doped carbons. The use of various organic and inorganic salts as activating agents afforded carbons with diverse structural and physicochemical characteristics, e.g., their specific surface areas ranged from 1190 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> to 3060 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>. Coupling the salt-templating method and chemical activation with potassium oxalate appeared to be an efficient strategy for the synthesis of a highly porous carbon with a specific surface area of 3060 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>, a large total pore volume of 3.07 cm<sup>3</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> and high H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacities of 13.2 mmol·g<sup>−1</sup> at −196 °C and 4.7 mmol·g<sup>−1</sup> at 0 °C, respectively. The most microporous carbon from the series exhibited a CO<sub>2</sub> uptake capacity as high as 6.4 mmol·g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 bar and 0 °C. Moreover, these samples showed exceptionally high thermal stability. Such activated carbons obtained from readily available sustainable precursors and activators are attractive for several applications in adsorption and catalysis. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:56:48Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-19a3ead1e23c4c659f19319c5eee55bf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:56:48Z |
| publishDate | 2021-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-19a3ead1e23c4c659f19319c5eee55bf2023-11-21T11:49:19ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-03-01267182610.3390/molecules26071826Highly Porous Carbons Synthesized from Tannic Acid via a Combined Mechanochemical Salt-Templating and Mild Activation StrategySylwia Głowniak0Barbara Szczęśniak1Jerzy Choma2Mietek Jaroniec3Institute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, PolandInstitute of Chemistry, Military University of Technology, 00-908 Warsaw, PolandDepartment of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USAHighly porous activated carbons were synthesized via the mechanochemical salt-templating method using both sustainable precursors and sustainable chemical activators. Tannic acid is a polyphenolic compound derived from biomass, which, together with urea, can serve as a low-cost, environmentally friendly precursor for the preparation of efficient N-doped carbons. The use of various organic and inorganic salts as activating agents afforded carbons with diverse structural and physicochemical characteristics, e.g., their specific surface areas ranged from 1190 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> to 3060 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>. Coupling the salt-templating method and chemical activation with potassium oxalate appeared to be an efficient strategy for the synthesis of a highly porous carbon with a specific surface area of 3060 m<sup>2</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup>, a large total pore volume of 3.07 cm<sup>3</sup>·g<sup>−1</sup> and high H<sub>2</sub> and CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacities of 13.2 mmol·g<sup>−1</sup> at −196 °C and 4.7 mmol·g<sup>−1</sup> at 0 °C, respectively. The most microporous carbon from the series exhibited a CO<sub>2</sub> uptake capacity as high as 6.4 mmol·g<sup>−1</sup> at 1 bar and 0 °C. Moreover, these samples showed exceptionally high thermal stability. Such activated carbons obtained from readily available sustainable precursors and activators are attractive for several applications in adsorption and catalysis.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/7/1826mechanochemistryactivated carbonsnon-hazardous activatorssalt-templatingball milling |
| spellingShingle | Sylwia Głowniak Barbara Szczęśniak Jerzy Choma Mietek Jaroniec Highly Porous Carbons Synthesized from Tannic Acid via a Combined Mechanochemical Salt-Templating and Mild Activation Strategy Molecules mechanochemistry activated carbons non-hazardous activators salt-templating ball milling |
| title | Highly Porous Carbons Synthesized from Tannic Acid via a Combined Mechanochemical Salt-Templating and Mild Activation Strategy |
| title_full | Highly Porous Carbons Synthesized from Tannic Acid via a Combined Mechanochemical Salt-Templating and Mild Activation Strategy |
| title_fullStr | Highly Porous Carbons Synthesized from Tannic Acid via a Combined Mechanochemical Salt-Templating and Mild Activation Strategy |
| title_full_unstemmed | Highly Porous Carbons Synthesized from Tannic Acid via a Combined Mechanochemical Salt-Templating and Mild Activation Strategy |
| title_short | Highly Porous Carbons Synthesized from Tannic Acid via a Combined Mechanochemical Salt-Templating and Mild Activation Strategy |
| title_sort | highly porous carbons synthesized from tannic acid via a combined mechanochemical salt templating and mild activation strategy |
| topic | mechanochemistry activated carbons non-hazardous activators salt-templating ball milling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/7/1826 |
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