Human Epidural AD–MSC Exosomes Improve Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
Spinal cord injury (SCI) interferes with the normal function of the autonomic nervous system by blocking circuits between the sensory and motor nerves. Although many studies focus on functional recovery after neurological injury, effective neuroregeneration is still being explored. Recently, extrace...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Biomedicines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/3/678 |
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| author | Soo-Eun Sung Min-Soo Seo Young-In Kim Kyung-Ku Kang Joo-Hee Choi Sijoon Lee Minkyoung Sung Sang-Gu Yim Ju-Hyeon Lim Hyun-Gyu Seok Seung-Yun Yang Gun-Woo Lee |
| author_facet | Soo-Eun Sung Min-Soo Seo Young-In Kim Kyung-Ku Kang Joo-Hee Choi Sijoon Lee Minkyoung Sung Sang-Gu Yim Ju-Hyeon Lim Hyun-Gyu Seok Seung-Yun Yang Gun-Woo Lee |
| author_sort | Soo-Eun Sung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Spinal cord injury (SCI) interferes with the normal function of the autonomic nervous system by blocking circuits between the sensory and motor nerves. Although many studies focus on functional recovery after neurological injury, effective neuroregeneration is still being explored. Recently, extracellular vesicles such as exosomes have emerged as cell-free therapeutic agents owing to their ability of cell-to-cell communication. In particular, exosomes released from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential for tissue regeneration and exhibit therapeutic effectiveness in neurological disorders. In this study, we isolated exosomes from human epidural adipose tissue-derived MSCs (hEpi AD–MSCs) using the tangential flow filtration method. The isolated exosomes were analyzed for size, concentration, shape, and major surface markers using nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. To evaluate their effect on SCI recovery, hEpi AD–MSC exosomes were injected intravenously in SCI-induced rats. hEpi AD–MSC exosomes improved the locomotor function of SCI-induced rats. The results of histopathological and cytokine assays showed that hEpi AD–MSC exosomes regulated inflammatory response. Genetic profiling of the rat spinal cord tissues revealed changes in the expression of inflammation-related genes after exosome administration. Collectively, hEpi AD–MSC exosomes are effective in restoring spinal functions by reducing the inflammatory response. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:48:47Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-19b515bee1c74a4e8ed5cd35da5c615c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2227-9059 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:48:47Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biomedicines |
| spelling | doaj.art-19b515bee1c74a4e8ed5cd35da5c615c2023-11-30T20:52:50ZengMDPI AGBiomedicines2227-90592022-03-0110367810.3390/biomedicines10030678Human Epidural AD–MSC Exosomes Improve Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in RatsSoo-Eun Sung0Min-Soo Seo1Young-In Kim2Kyung-Ku Kang3Joo-Hee Choi4Sijoon Lee5Minkyoung Sung6Sang-Gu Yim7Ju-Hyeon Lim8Hyun-Gyu Seok9Seung-Yun Yang10Gun-Woo Lee11Preclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, KoreaPreclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, KoreaCellexobio, Co., Ltd., Daegu 42415, KoreaPreclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, KoreaPreclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, KoreaPreclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, KoreaPreclinical Research Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, KoreaDepartment of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, KoreaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, 170, Hyochung-ro, Namgu, Daegu 42415, KoreaDepartment of Orthopedic Surgery, Yeungnam University Medical Center, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, 170, Hyochung-ro, Namgu, Daegu 42415, KoreaDepartment of Biomaterials Science (BK21 Four Program), Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, KoreaCellexobio, Co., Ltd., Daegu 42415, KoreaSpinal cord injury (SCI) interferes with the normal function of the autonomic nervous system by blocking circuits between the sensory and motor nerves. Although many studies focus on functional recovery after neurological injury, effective neuroregeneration is still being explored. Recently, extracellular vesicles such as exosomes have emerged as cell-free therapeutic agents owing to their ability of cell-to-cell communication. In particular, exosomes released from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have the potential for tissue regeneration and exhibit therapeutic effectiveness in neurological disorders. In this study, we isolated exosomes from human epidural adipose tissue-derived MSCs (hEpi AD–MSCs) using the tangential flow filtration method. The isolated exosomes were analyzed for size, concentration, shape, and major surface markers using nanoparticle tracking analysis, transmission electron microscopy, and flow cytometry. To evaluate their effect on SCI recovery, hEpi AD–MSC exosomes were injected intravenously in SCI-induced rats. hEpi AD–MSC exosomes improved the locomotor function of SCI-induced rats. The results of histopathological and cytokine assays showed that hEpi AD–MSC exosomes regulated inflammatory response. Genetic profiling of the rat spinal cord tissues revealed changes in the expression of inflammation-related genes after exosome administration. Collectively, hEpi AD–MSC exosomes are effective in restoring spinal functions by reducing the inflammatory response.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/3/678spinal cord injurymesenchymal stem cellsexosomesextracellular vesicles |
| spellingShingle | Soo-Eun Sung Min-Soo Seo Young-In Kim Kyung-Ku Kang Joo-Hee Choi Sijoon Lee Minkyoung Sung Sang-Gu Yim Ju-Hyeon Lim Hyun-Gyu Seok Seung-Yun Yang Gun-Woo Lee Human Epidural AD–MSC Exosomes Improve Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats Biomedicines spinal cord injury mesenchymal stem cells exosomes extracellular vesicles |
| title | Human Epidural AD–MSC Exosomes Improve Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats |
| title_full | Human Epidural AD–MSC Exosomes Improve Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats |
| title_fullStr | Human Epidural AD–MSC Exosomes Improve Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Human Epidural AD–MSC Exosomes Improve Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats |
| title_short | Human Epidural AD–MSC Exosomes Improve Function Recovery after Spinal Cord Injury in Rats |
| title_sort | human epidural ad msc exosomes improve function recovery after spinal cord injury in rats |
| topic | spinal cord injury mesenchymal stem cells exosomes extracellular vesicles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/10/3/678 |
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