Repurposing an In Vitro Measles Virus Dissemination Assay for Screening of Antiviral Compounds
Measles virus (MV) is a highly contagious respiratory virus responsible for outbreaks associated with significant morbidity and mortality among children and young adults. Although safe and effective measles vaccines are available, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in vaccination coverage gaps that...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-05-01
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| Series: | Viruses |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/6/1186 |
| _version_ | 1797481398799433728 |
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| author | Katharina S. Schmitz Mona V. Lange Lennert Gommers Kim Handrejk Danielle P. Porter Christopher A. Alabi Anne Moscona Matteo Porotto Rory D. de Vries Rik L. de Swart |
| author_facet | Katharina S. Schmitz Mona V. Lange Lennert Gommers Kim Handrejk Danielle P. Porter Christopher A. Alabi Anne Moscona Matteo Porotto Rory D. de Vries Rik L. de Swart |
| author_sort | Katharina S. Schmitz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Measles virus (MV) is a highly contagious respiratory virus responsible for outbreaks associated with significant morbidity and mortality among children and young adults. Although safe and effective measles vaccines are available, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in vaccination coverage gaps that may lead to the resurgence of measles when restrictions are lifted. This puts individuals who cannot be vaccinated, such as young infants and immunocompromised individuals, at risk. Therapeutic interventions are complicated by the long incubation time of measles, resulting in a narrow treatment window. At present, the only available WHO-advised option is treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins, although this is not approved as standard of care. Antivirals against measles may contribute to intervention strategies to limit the impact of future outbreaks. Here, we review previously described antivirals and antiviral assays, evaluate the antiviral efficacy of a number of compounds to inhibit MV dissemination in vitro, and discuss potential application in specific target populations. We conclude that broadly reactive antivirals could strengthen existing intervention strategies to limit the impact of measles outbreaks. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:14:59Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-19bc212526644c62887f7dbca3a16888 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4915 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:14:59Z |
| publishDate | 2022-05-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Viruses |
| spelling | doaj.art-19bc212526644c62887f7dbca3a168882023-11-23T19:25:03ZengMDPI AGViruses1999-49152022-05-01146118610.3390/v14061186Repurposing an In Vitro Measles Virus Dissemination Assay for Screening of Antiviral CompoundsKatharina S. Schmitz0Mona V. Lange1Lennert Gommers2Kim Handrejk3Danielle P. Porter4Christopher A. Alabi5Anne Moscona6Matteo Porotto7Rory D. de Vries8Rik L. de Swart9Department of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsGilead Sciences, Foster City, CA 94404, USARobert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14850, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USADepartment of Pediatrics, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USADepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Viroscience, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The NetherlandsMeasles virus (MV) is a highly contagious respiratory virus responsible for outbreaks associated with significant morbidity and mortality among children and young adults. Although safe and effective measles vaccines are available, the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in vaccination coverage gaps that may lead to the resurgence of measles when restrictions are lifted. This puts individuals who cannot be vaccinated, such as young infants and immunocompromised individuals, at risk. Therapeutic interventions are complicated by the long incubation time of measles, resulting in a narrow treatment window. At present, the only available WHO-advised option is treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins, although this is not approved as standard of care. Antivirals against measles may contribute to intervention strategies to limit the impact of future outbreaks. Here, we review previously described antivirals and antiviral assays, evaluate the antiviral efficacy of a number of compounds to inhibit MV dissemination in vitro, and discuss potential application in specific target populations. We conclude that broadly reactive antivirals could strengthen existing intervention strategies to limit the impact of measles outbreaks.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/6/1186measlesmeasles virusantiviralantiviral assayremdesivirfusion inhibitory peptide |
| spellingShingle | Katharina S. Schmitz Mona V. Lange Lennert Gommers Kim Handrejk Danielle P. Porter Christopher A. Alabi Anne Moscona Matteo Porotto Rory D. de Vries Rik L. de Swart Repurposing an In Vitro Measles Virus Dissemination Assay for Screening of Antiviral Compounds Viruses measles measles virus antiviral antiviral assay remdesivir fusion inhibitory peptide |
| title | Repurposing an In Vitro Measles Virus Dissemination Assay for Screening of Antiviral Compounds |
| title_full | Repurposing an In Vitro Measles Virus Dissemination Assay for Screening of Antiviral Compounds |
| title_fullStr | Repurposing an In Vitro Measles Virus Dissemination Assay for Screening of Antiviral Compounds |
| title_full_unstemmed | Repurposing an In Vitro Measles Virus Dissemination Assay for Screening of Antiviral Compounds |
| title_short | Repurposing an In Vitro Measles Virus Dissemination Assay for Screening of Antiviral Compounds |
| title_sort | repurposing an in vitro measles virus dissemination assay for screening of antiviral compounds |
| topic | measles measles virus antiviral antiviral assay remdesivir fusion inhibitory peptide |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4915/14/6/1186 |
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