Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) are brain conditions affecting millions of people worldwide. These diseases are associated with the presence of amyloid-β (Aβ), alpha synuclein (α-Syn) and prion protein (PrP) de...
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MDPI AG
2020-11-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/11/2476 |
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| author | Juliana González-Sanmiguel Christina M. A. P. Schuh Carola Muñoz-Montesino Pamina Contreras-Kallens Luis G. Aguayo Sebastian Aguayo |
| author_facet | Juliana González-Sanmiguel Christina M. A. P. Schuh Carola Muñoz-Montesino Pamina Contreras-Kallens Luis G. Aguayo Sebastian Aguayo |
| author_sort | Juliana González-Sanmiguel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) are brain conditions affecting millions of people worldwide. These diseases are associated with the presence of amyloid-β (Aβ), alpha synuclein (α-Syn) and prion protein (PrP) depositions in the brain, respectively, which lead to synaptic disconnection and subsequent progressive neuronal death. Although considerable progress has been made in elucidating the pathogenesis of these diseases, the specific mechanisms of their origins remain largely unknown. A body of research suggests a potential association between host microbiota, neuroinflammation and dementia, either directly due to bacterial brain invasion because of barrier leakage and production of toxins and inflammation, or indirectly by modulating the immune response. In the present review, we focus on the emerging topics of neuroinflammation and the association between components of the human microbiota and the deposition of Aβ, α-Syn and PrP in the brain. Special focus is given to gut and oral bacteria and biofilms and to the potential mechanisms associating microbiome dysbiosis and toxin production with neurodegeneration. The roles of neuroinflammation, protein misfolding and cellular mediators in membrane damage and increased permeability are also discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:51:31Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-19cd0ec03f614f70aeb3469c87cf00c3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:51:31Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-19cd0ec03f614f70aeb3469c87cf00c32023-11-20T20:55:24ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092020-11-01911247610.3390/cells9112476Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and NeurodegenerationJuliana González-Sanmiguel0Christina M. A. P. Schuh1Carola Muñoz-Montesino2Pamina Contreras-Kallens3Luis G. Aguayo4Sebastian Aguayo5Department of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, ChileCentro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, ChileDepartment of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, ChileCentro de Medicina Regenerativa, Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del Desarrollo, Santiago 7710162, ChileDepartment of Physiology, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, ChileSchool of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 8331150, ChileNeurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Creutzfeldt–Jakob disease (CJD) are brain conditions affecting millions of people worldwide. These diseases are associated with the presence of amyloid-β (Aβ), alpha synuclein (α-Syn) and prion protein (PrP) depositions in the brain, respectively, which lead to synaptic disconnection and subsequent progressive neuronal death. Although considerable progress has been made in elucidating the pathogenesis of these diseases, the specific mechanisms of their origins remain largely unknown. A body of research suggests a potential association between host microbiota, neuroinflammation and dementia, either directly due to bacterial brain invasion because of barrier leakage and production of toxins and inflammation, or indirectly by modulating the immune response. In the present review, we focus on the emerging topics of neuroinflammation and the association between components of the human microbiota and the deposition of Aβ, α-Syn and PrP in the brain. Special focus is given to gut and oral bacteria and biofilms and to the potential mechanisms associating microbiome dysbiosis and toxin production with neurodegeneration. The roles of neuroinflammation, protein misfolding and cellular mediators in membrane damage and increased permeability are also discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/11/2476Alzheimer’s diseaseParkinson’s diseaseCreutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseneuroinflammationmicrobiomeperiodontal diseases |
| spellingShingle | Juliana González-Sanmiguel Christina M. A. P. Schuh Carola Muñoz-Montesino Pamina Contreras-Kallens Luis G. Aguayo Sebastian Aguayo Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Cells Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease neuroinflammation microbiome periodontal diseases |
| title | Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration |
| title_full | Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration |
| title_fullStr | Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration |
| title_full_unstemmed | Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration |
| title_short | Complex Interaction between Resident Microbiota and Misfolded Proteins: Role in Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration |
| title_sort | complex interaction between resident microbiota and misfolded proteins role in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration |
| topic | Alzheimer’s disease Parkinson’s disease Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease neuroinflammation microbiome periodontal diseases |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/9/11/2476 |
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