Is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve?
Abstract Background Brain reserve is a concept introduced to explain why Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with a greater brain volume prior to onset of pathology generally have better clinical outcomes. In this review, we provide a historical background of the emergence of brain reserve and discuss...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2018-09-01
|
| Series: | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13195-018-0408-5 |
| _version_ | 1818136740204904448 |
|---|---|
| author | Anna Catharina van Loenhoud Colin Groot Jacob William Vogel Wiesje Maria van der Flier Rik Ossenkoppele |
| author_facet | Anna Catharina van Loenhoud Colin Groot Jacob William Vogel Wiesje Maria van der Flier Rik Ossenkoppele |
| author_sort | Anna Catharina van Loenhoud |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Brain reserve is a concept introduced to explain why Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with a greater brain volume prior to onset of pathology generally have better clinical outcomes. In this review, we provide a historical background of the emergence of brain reserve and discuss several aspects that need further clarification, including the dynamic or static nature of the concept and its underlying mechanisms and clinical effect. We then describe how brain reserve has been operationalized over the years, and critically evaluate the use of intracranial volume (ICV) as the most widely used proxy for brain reserve. Furthermore, we perform a meta-analysis showing that ICV is associated with higher cognitive performance after adjusting for the presence and amount of pathology. Although we acknowledge its imperfections, we conclude that the use of ICV as a proxy for brain reserve is currently warranted. However, further development of more optimal measures of brain reserve as well as a more clearly defined theoretical framework is essential. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T09:45:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-19e09526aaa143febfe630a4590030e5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1758-9193 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T09:45:12Z |
| publishDate | 2018-09-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-19e09526aaa143febfe630a4590030e52022-12-22T01:12:34ZengBMCAlzheimer’s Research & Therapy1758-91932018-09-0110111210.1186/s13195-018-0408-5Is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve?Anna Catharina van Loenhoud0Colin Groot1Jacob William Vogel2Wiesje Maria van der Flier3Rik Ossenkoppele4Department of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical CenterDepartment of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical CenterDepartment of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical CenterDepartment of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical CenterDepartment of Neurology and Alzheimer Center, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical CenterAbstract Background Brain reserve is a concept introduced to explain why Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients with a greater brain volume prior to onset of pathology generally have better clinical outcomes. In this review, we provide a historical background of the emergence of brain reserve and discuss several aspects that need further clarification, including the dynamic or static nature of the concept and its underlying mechanisms and clinical effect. We then describe how brain reserve has been operationalized over the years, and critically evaluate the use of intracranial volume (ICV) as the most widely used proxy for brain reserve. Furthermore, we perform a meta-analysis showing that ICV is associated with higher cognitive performance after adjusting for the presence and amount of pathology. Although we acknowledge its imperfections, we conclude that the use of ICV as a proxy for brain reserve is currently warranted. However, further development of more optimal measures of brain reserve as well as a more clearly defined theoretical framework is essential.http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13195-018-0408-5Brain reserveIntracranial volumeAlzheimer’s diseaseDementiaMRIResilience |
| spellingShingle | Anna Catharina van Loenhoud Colin Groot Jacob William Vogel Wiesje Maria van der Flier Rik Ossenkoppele Is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve? Alzheimer’s Research & Therapy Brain reserve Intracranial volume Alzheimer’s disease Dementia MRI Resilience |
| title | Is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve? |
| title_full | Is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve? |
| title_fullStr | Is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve? |
| title_short | Is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve? |
| title_sort | is intracranial volume a suitable proxy for brain reserve |
| topic | Brain reserve Intracranial volume Alzheimer’s disease Dementia MRI Resilience |
| url | http://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13195-018-0408-5 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT annacatharinavanloenhoud isintracranialvolumeasuitableproxyforbrainreserve AT colingroot isintracranialvolumeasuitableproxyforbrainreserve AT jacobwilliamvogel isintracranialvolumeasuitableproxyforbrainreserve AT wiesjemariavanderflier isintracranialvolumeasuitableproxyforbrainreserve AT rikossenkoppele isintracranialvolumeasuitableproxyforbrainreserve |