Genome-Wide SNP Analysis of Male and Female Rice Field Frogs, <i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>, Supports a Non-Genetic Sex Determination System
Sex determination systems (SDSs) in anurans are diverse and have undergone independent evolutionary transitions among species. The mode of sexual reproduction of the rice field frog (<i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>)—an economically viable, edible amphibian species—is not well known. Prev...
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MDPI AG
2021-10-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/10/501 |
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| author | Thitipong Panthum Worapong Singchat Nararat Laopichienpong Syed Farhan Ahmad Ekaphan Kraichak Prateep Duengkae Narongrit Muangmai Noppadon Kitana Kornsorn Srikulnath |
| author_facet | Thitipong Panthum Worapong Singchat Nararat Laopichienpong Syed Farhan Ahmad Ekaphan Kraichak Prateep Duengkae Narongrit Muangmai Noppadon Kitana Kornsorn Srikulnath |
| author_sort | Thitipong Panthum |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sex determination systems (SDSs) in anurans are diverse and have undergone independent evolutionary transitions among species. The mode of sexual reproduction of the rice field frog (<i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>)—an economically viable, edible amphibian species—is not well known. Previous studies have proposed that threshold temperature conditions may determine sex in these frogs. To elucidate the SDS in <i>H. rugulosus</i>, we karyotyped 10 male and 12 female frogs, and performed fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with sequencing analyses using DArTseq™. Our results revealed a highly conserved karyotype with no sex chromosome heteromorphism, and the sequencing analyses did not identify any consistent sex-linked loci, supporting the hypothesis of temperature-dependent sex determination. The results of this study, and others, on SDSs in the rice field frog and related species also provide support for the theory that heteromorphic sex chromosomes may lead to an evolutionary trap that prevents variable SDSs. These findings add important information to the body of knowledge on <i>H. rugulosus</i> and are likely to have a significant impact on the productivity and economic success of rice field frog farming. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:36:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-19f03724b3264546b807e05198b514d3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-2818 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T06:36:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diversity |
| spelling | doaj.art-19f03724b3264546b807e05198b514d32023-11-22T17:59:50ZengMDPI AGDiversity1424-28182021-10-01131050110.3390/d13100501Genome-Wide SNP Analysis of Male and Female Rice Field Frogs, <i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>, Supports a Non-Genetic Sex Determination SystemThitipong Panthum0Worapong Singchat1Nararat Laopichienpong2Syed Farhan Ahmad3Ekaphan Kraichak4Prateep Duengkae5Narongrit Muangmai6Noppadon Kitana7Kornsorn Srikulnath8Animal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University Phayathai Rd., Bangkok 10330, ThailandAnimal Genomics and Bioresource Research Center (AGB Research Center), Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, ThailandSex determination systems (SDSs) in anurans are diverse and have undergone independent evolutionary transitions among species. The mode of sexual reproduction of the rice field frog (<i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>)—an economically viable, edible amphibian species—is not well known. Previous studies have proposed that threshold temperature conditions may determine sex in these frogs. To elucidate the SDS in <i>H. rugulosus</i>, we karyotyped 10 male and 12 female frogs, and performed fluorescence in situ hybridization combined with sequencing analyses using DArTseq™. Our results revealed a highly conserved karyotype with no sex chromosome heteromorphism, and the sequencing analyses did not identify any consistent sex-linked loci, supporting the hypothesis of temperature-dependent sex determination. The results of this study, and others, on SDSs in the rice field frog and related species also provide support for the theory that heteromorphic sex chromosomes may lead to an evolutionary trap that prevents variable SDSs. These findings add important information to the body of knowledge on <i>H. rugulosus</i> and are likely to have a significant impact on the productivity and economic success of rice field frog farming.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/10/501amphibiantemperatureSNPsex determination |
| spellingShingle | Thitipong Panthum Worapong Singchat Nararat Laopichienpong Syed Farhan Ahmad Ekaphan Kraichak Prateep Duengkae Narongrit Muangmai Noppadon Kitana Kornsorn Srikulnath Genome-Wide SNP Analysis of Male and Female Rice Field Frogs, <i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>, Supports a Non-Genetic Sex Determination System Diversity amphibian temperature SNP sex determination |
| title | Genome-Wide SNP Analysis of Male and Female Rice Field Frogs, <i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>, Supports a Non-Genetic Sex Determination System |
| title_full | Genome-Wide SNP Analysis of Male and Female Rice Field Frogs, <i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>, Supports a Non-Genetic Sex Determination System |
| title_fullStr | Genome-Wide SNP Analysis of Male and Female Rice Field Frogs, <i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>, Supports a Non-Genetic Sex Determination System |
| title_full_unstemmed | Genome-Wide SNP Analysis of Male and Female Rice Field Frogs, <i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>, Supports a Non-Genetic Sex Determination System |
| title_short | Genome-Wide SNP Analysis of Male and Female Rice Field Frogs, <i>Hoplobatrachus rugulosus</i>, Supports a Non-Genetic Sex Determination System |
| title_sort | genome wide snp analysis of male and female rice field frogs i hoplobatrachus rugulosus i supports a non genetic sex determination system |
| topic | amphibian temperature SNP sex determination |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-2818/13/10/501 |
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