Characterization of <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolates in Terms of Efficacy against Cereal Ground Beetle <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Morphometry and Principal Component Analysis
One of the most dangerous pests of cereals is <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> and, in Poland, it is becoming a serious pest. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) seem to be a very promising, biological control agent for this pest. Native EPN populations are well adapted to local environmental co...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/2/150 |
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| author | Joanna Matuska-Łyżwa Barbara Wodecka Wiesław Kaca |
| author_facet | Joanna Matuska-Łyżwa Barbara Wodecka Wiesław Kaca |
| author_sort | Joanna Matuska-Łyżwa |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | One of the most dangerous pests of cereals is <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> and, in Poland, it is becoming a serious pest. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) seem to be a very promising, biological control agent for this pest. Native EPN populations are well adapted to local environmental conditions. The current study characterized three Polish isolates of the EPN <i>Steinernema feltiae</i>, which differed in their effectiveness against <i>Z. tenebrioides</i>. In the field, isolate iso1Lon reduced the pest population by 37%, compared with 30% by isolate iso1Dan and 0% by the iso1Obl isolate; the number of plants damaged by <i>Z. tenebrioides</i> in the presence of the different isolates reflected the results in terms of the decrease in pest population size. After incubation in the soil for 60 days, recovered EPN juveniles of all three isolates were able to infect 93–100% of the test insects, with isolate iso1Obl again showing the lowest effectiveness. The juveniles of isolate iso1Obl were also morphometrically distinct from the other two isolates, as revealed by principal component analysis (PCA), which helped to distinguish the EPN isolates. These findings showed the value of using locally adapted isolates of EPNs; two of the three isolates randomly selected from Polish soil outperformed a commercial population of <i>S. feltiae</i>. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:39:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-19f4680930a14e0a84573a3351dcbe12 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:39:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
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| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-19f4680930a14e0a84573a3351dcbe122023-11-16T21:14:32ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502023-02-0114215010.3390/insects14020150Characterization of <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolates in Terms of Efficacy against Cereal Ground Beetle <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Morphometry and Principal Component AnalysisJoanna Matuska-Łyżwa0Barbara Wodecka1Wiesław Kaca2Department of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 7 Uniwersytecka St, 25-406 Kielce, PolandFaculty of Law and Social Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 15 Uniwersytecka St, 25-406 Kielce, PolandDepartment of Microbiology, Institute of Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, 7 Uniwersytecka St, 25-406 Kielce, PolandOne of the most dangerous pests of cereals is <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> and, in Poland, it is becoming a serious pest. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) seem to be a very promising, biological control agent for this pest. Native EPN populations are well adapted to local environmental conditions. The current study characterized three Polish isolates of the EPN <i>Steinernema feltiae</i>, which differed in their effectiveness against <i>Z. tenebrioides</i>. In the field, isolate iso1Lon reduced the pest population by 37%, compared with 30% by isolate iso1Dan and 0% by the iso1Obl isolate; the number of plants damaged by <i>Z. tenebrioides</i> in the presence of the different isolates reflected the results in terms of the decrease in pest population size. After incubation in the soil for 60 days, recovered EPN juveniles of all three isolates were able to infect 93–100% of the test insects, with isolate iso1Obl again showing the lowest effectiveness. The juveniles of isolate iso1Obl were also morphometrically distinct from the other two isolates, as revealed by principal component analysis (PCA), which helped to distinguish the EPN isolates. These findings showed the value of using locally adapted isolates of EPNs; two of the three isolates randomly selected from Polish soil outperformed a commercial population of <i>S. feltiae</i>.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/2/150entomopathogenic nematodes<i>Steinernema feltiae</i><i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i>principal component analysiscereal ground beetlelocal adaptation |
| spellingShingle | Joanna Matuska-Łyżwa Barbara Wodecka Wiesław Kaca Characterization of <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolates in Terms of Efficacy against Cereal Ground Beetle <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Morphometry and Principal Component Analysis Insects entomopathogenic nematodes <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> principal component analysis cereal ground beetle local adaptation |
| title | Characterization of <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolates in Terms of Efficacy against Cereal Ground Beetle <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Morphometry and Principal Component Analysis |
| title_full | Characterization of <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolates in Terms of Efficacy against Cereal Ground Beetle <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Morphometry and Principal Component Analysis |
| title_fullStr | Characterization of <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolates in Terms of Efficacy against Cereal Ground Beetle <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Morphometry and Principal Component Analysis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Characterization of <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolates in Terms of Efficacy against Cereal Ground Beetle <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Morphometry and Principal Component Analysis |
| title_short | Characterization of <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae) Isolates in Terms of Efficacy against Cereal Ground Beetle <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> (Coleoptera: Carabidae): Morphometry and Principal Component Analysis |
| title_sort | characterization of i steinernema feltiae i rhabditida steinernematidae isolates in terms of efficacy against cereal ground beetle i zabrus tenebrioides i coleoptera carabidae morphometry and principal component analysis |
| topic | entomopathogenic nematodes <i>Steinernema feltiae</i> <i>Zabrus tenebrioides</i> principal component analysis cereal ground beetle local adaptation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/14/2/150 |
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