Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs’ Stability in Oral Fluid Samples
Antipsychotics have narrow therapeutic windows, and their monitoring in biological fluids is therefore important; consequently, stability in those fluids must be investigated during method development and validation. This work evaluates the stability of chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, cyamemazine,...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2030 |
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| author | Carina Gameiro Joana Gonçalves Sofia Soares Tiago Rosado André R. T. S. Araujo Luís A. Passarinha Mário Barroso Eugenia Gallardo |
| author_facet | Carina Gameiro Joana Gonçalves Sofia Soares Tiago Rosado André R. T. S. Araujo Luís A. Passarinha Mário Barroso Eugenia Gallardo |
| author_sort | Carina Gameiro |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Antipsychotics have narrow therapeutic windows, and their monitoring in biological fluids is therefore important; consequently, stability in those fluids must be investigated during method development and validation. This work evaluates the stability of chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, cyamemazine, clozapine, haloperidol, and quetiapine in oral fluid (OF) samples, using the dried saliva spots (DSS) sampling approach and gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Since many parameters can influence the stability of the target analytes, design of experiments was adopted to check the crucial factors that affect that stability in a multivariate fashion. The studied parameters were the presence of preservatives at different concentrations, temperature, light, and time. It was possible to observe that antipsychotic stability improved when OF samples in DSS were stored at 4 °C, with a low ascorbic acid concentration, and in the absence of light. With these conditions, chlorpromazine and quetiapine were stable for 14 days, clozapine and haloperidol were stable for 28 days, levomepromazine remained stable for 44 days, and cyamemazine was stable for the entire monitored period (146 days). This is the first study that evaluates the stability of these antipsychotics in OF samples after application to DSS cards. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:17:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a045d9a62ef45549a8be9df00cde0f5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T07:17:19Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a045d9a62ef45549a8be9df00cde0f52023-11-17T08:11:01ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492023-02-01285203010.3390/molecules28052030Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs’ Stability in Oral Fluid SamplesCarina Gameiro0Joana Gonçalves1Sofia Soares2Tiago Rosado3André R. T. S. Araujo4Luís A. Passarinha5Mário Barroso6Eugenia Gallardo7Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalUnidade de Investigação para o Desenvolvimento do Interior, Instituto Politécnico da Guarda, Avenida Dr. Francisco de Sá Carneiro, No. 50, 6300-559 Guarda, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalServiço de Química e Toxicologia Forenses, Instituto de Medicina Legal e Ciências Forenses—Delegação do Sul, 1169-201 Lisboa, PortugalCentro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde (CICS-UBI), Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, 6200-506 Covilhã, PortugalAntipsychotics have narrow therapeutic windows, and their monitoring in biological fluids is therefore important; consequently, stability in those fluids must be investigated during method development and validation. This work evaluates the stability of chlorpromazine, levomepromazine, cyamemazine, clozapine, haloperidol, and quetiapine in oral fluid (OF) samples, using the dried saliva spots (DSS) sampling approach and gas chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Since many parameters can influence the stability of the target analytes, design of experiments was adopted to check the crucial factors that affect that stability in a multivariate fashion. The studied parameters were the presence of preservatives at different concentrations, temperature, light, and time. It was possible to observe that antipsychotic stability improved when OF samples in DSS were stored at 4 °C, with a low ascorbic acid concentration, and in the absence of light. With these conditions, chlorpromazine and quetiapine were stable for 14 days, clozapine and haloperidol were stable for 28 days, levomepromazine remained stable for 44 days, and cyamemazine was stable for the entire monitored period (146 days). This is the first study that evaluates the stability of these antipsychotics in OF samples after application to DSS cards.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2030antipsychoticsoral fluiddried saliva spotsGC-MS/MSstability |
| spellingShingle | Carina Gameiro Joana Gonçalves Sofia Soares Tiago Rosado André R. T. S. Araujo Luís A. Passarinha Mário Barroso Eugenia Gallardo Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs’ Stability in Oral Fluid Samples Molecules antipsychotics oral fluid dried saliva spots GC-MS/MS stability |
| title | Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs’ Stability in Oral Fluid Samples |
| title_full | Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs’ Stability in Oral Fluid Samples |
| title_fullStr | Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs’ Stability in Oral Fluid Samples |
| title_full_unstemmed | Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs’ Stability in Oral Fluid Samples |
| title_short | Evaluation of Antipsychotic Drugs’ Stability in Oral Fluid Samples |
| title_sort | evaluation of antipsychotic drugs stability in oral fluid samples |
| topic | antipsychotics oral fluid dried saliva spots GC-MS/MS stability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/28/5/2030 |
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