Beyond Ultra-diffuse Galaxies. II. Environmental Quenching of Mass–Size Outliers among the Satellites of Milky Way Analogs
Recent observations have reignited interest in a population of dwarf galaxies that are large and diffuse for their mass, often called ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs). However, the origin and evolution of these mass–size outliers and the role of the environment are still unclear. Using the exquisitely...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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IOP Publishing
2023-01-01
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| Series: | The Astrophysical Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace4c5 |
| _version_ | 1827820849367875584 |
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| author | Jiaxuan Li Jenny E. Greene Johnny Greco Rachael Beaton Shany Danieli Andy Goulding Song Huang Erin Kado-Fong |
| author_facet | Jiaxuan Li Jenny E. Greene Johnny Greco Rachael Beaton Shany Danieli Andy Goulding Song Huang Erin Kado-Fong |
| author_sort | Jiaxuan Li |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Recent observations have reignited interest in a population of dwarf galaxies that are large and diffuse for their mass, often called ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs). However, the origin and evolution of these mass–size outliers and the role of the environment are still unclear. Using the exquisitely deep and wide Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Survey images, we search for ultra-puffy galaxies (UPGs), defined as being 1.5 σ larger than the average size for their mass, around Milky Way–like galaxies. We present the sizes and radial distributions of mass–size outliers and derive their quenched fraction to explore the impact of the environment. Surprisingly, despite being outliers in size, the UPGs have a similar quenched fraction as normal-sized satellites of Milky Way analogs in both observations and simulations, suggesting that quenching is not tied to being a mass–size outlier. The quenched fraction is higher for the UPGs associated with redder hosts, as well as those that are closer to the host in projection. In contrast, the UDGs are overall redder and more quiescent compared with normal satellites. We show that the classic definition of UDGs is heavily weighted toward quenched galaxies and thus cannot be used for a study of quenching of mass–size outliers. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:33:54Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a0756dba6da45c18be2497406deb76c |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1538-4357 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T01:33:54Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | IOP Publishing |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Astrophysical Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a0756dba6da45c18be2497406deb76c2023-09-11T11:21:06ZengIOP PublishingThe Astrophysical Journal1538-43572023-01-019551210.3847/1538-4357/ace4c5Beyond Ultra-diffuse Galaxies. II. Environmental Quenching of Mass–Size Outliers among the Satellites of Milky Way AnalogsJiaxuan Li0https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9592-4190Jenny E. Greene1https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5612-3427Johnny Greco2https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4970-2874Rachael Beaton3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1691-8217Shany Danieli4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1841-2252Andy Goulding5https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4700-663XSong Huang6https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1385-7591Erin Kado-Fong7https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0332-177XDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; jiaxuanl@princeton.eduDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; jiaxuanl@princeton.eduDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; jiaxuanl@princeton.edu; Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP), The Ohio State University , Columbus, OH 43210, USADepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; jiaxuanl@princeton.eduDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; jiaxuanl@princeton.eduDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; jiaxuanl@princeton.eduDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; jiaxuanl@princeton.edu; Department of Astronomy and Tsinghua Center for Astrophysics, Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084, People's Republic of ChinaDepartment of Astrophysical Sciences, 4 Ivy Lane, Princeton University , Princeton, NJ 08544, USA ; jiaxuanl@princeton.edu; Physics Department, Yale Center for Astronomy & Astrophysics , PO Box 208120, New Haven, CT 06520, USARecent observations have reignited interest in a population of dwarf galaxies that are large and diffuse for their mass, often called ultra-diffuse galaxies (UDGs). However, the origin and evolution of these mass–size outliers and the role of the environment are still unclear. Using the exquisitely deep and wide Hyper Suprime-Cam Strategic Survey images, we search for ultra-puffy galaxies (UPGs), defined as being 1.5 σ larger than the average size for their mass, around Milky Way–like galaxies. We present the sizes and radial distributions of mass–size outliers and derive their quenched fraction to explore the impact of the environment. Surprisingly, despite being outliers in size, the UPGs have a similar quenched fraction as normal-sized satellites of Milky Way analogs in both observations and simulations, suggesting that quenching is not tied to being a mass–size outlier. The quenched fraction is higher for the UPGs associated with redder hosts, as well as those that are closer to the host in projection. In contrast, the UDGs are overall redder and more quiescent compared with normal satellites. We show that the classic definition of UDGs is heavily weighted toward quenched galaxies and thus cannot be used for a study of quenching of mass–size outliers.https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace4c5Low surface brightness galaxiesGalaxy propertiesDwarf galaxiesGalaxy quenchingGalaxy evolution |
| spellingShingle | Jiaxuan Li Jenny E. Greene Johnny Greco Rachael Beaton Shany Danieli Andy Goulding Song Huang Erin Kado-Fong Beyond Ultra-diffuse Galaxies. II. Environmental Quenching of Mass–Size Outliers among the Satellites of Milky Way Analogs The Astrophysical Journal Low surface brightness galaxies Galaxy properties Dwarf galaxies Galaxy quenching Galaxy evolution |
| title | Beyond Ultra-diffuse Galaxies. II. Environmental Quenching of Mass–Size Outliers among the Satellites of Milky Way Analogs |
| title_full | Beyond Ultra-diffuse Galaxies. II. Environmental Quenching of Mass–Size Outliers among the Satellites of Milky Way Analogs |
| title_fullStr | Beyond Ultra-diffuse Galaxies. II. Environmental Quenching of Mass–Size Outliers among the Satellites of Milky Way Analogs |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beyond Ultra-diffuse Galaxies. II. Environmental Quenching of Mass–Size Outliers among the Satellites of Milky Way Analogs |
| title_short | Beyond Ultra-diffuse Galaxies. II. Environmental Quenching of Mass–Size Outliers among the Satellites of Milky Way Analogs |
| title_sort | beyond ultra diffuse galaxies ii environmental quenching of mass size outliers among the satellites of milky way analogs |
| topic | Low surface brightness galaxies Galaxy properties Dwarf galaxies Galaxy quenching Galaxy evolution |
| url | https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ace4c5 |
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