Toxic Impact of Dietary Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Growth, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>)
Starry flounders (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) (average weight—114.69 ± 13 g, length—19.0 ± 0.21 cm) underwent a 4-week exposure to varying dietary cadmium (Cd) concentrations: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg. Bioaccumulation patterns were revealed in the intestine, kidney, liver, and g...
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MDPI AG
2024-01-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/2/59 |
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| author | Hyeok-Chan Jung Jun-Hwan Kim Ju-Chan Kang |
| author_facet | Hyeok-Chan Jung Jun-Hwan Kim Ju-Chan Kang |
| author_sort | Hyeok-Chan Jung |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Starry flounders (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) (average weight—114.69 ± 13 g, length—19.0 ± 0.21 cm) underwent a 4-week exposure to varying dietary cadmium (Cd) concentrations: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg. Bioaccumulation patterns were revealed in the intestine, kidney, liver, and gills in descending order of accumulation. Significant declines in growth indicators—body weight gain (BWG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency ratio percentage (FER)—were evident at 80 mg Cd/kg for 2 weeks and beyond 60 mg Cd/kg for 4 weeks. Hematological parameters, including red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb), remarkably reduced at 80 mg Cd/kg for both 2 and 4 weeks. The total plasma protein reduced significantly after exposure to Cd for 2 and 4 weeks, alongside increased glucose levels, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT). Considerable increases in antioxidant responses—superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione (GSH) levels—were observed after exposure to Cd for 2 and 4 weeks. <i>P. stellatus</i> exhibits a high accumulation of dietary Cd in specific tissues. Moreover, concentrations above 60 mg Cd/kg adversely affected the growth performance, hematological parameters, plasma components, and antioxidant responses. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:32:17Z |
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| issn | 2410-3888 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:32:17Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1a080f54f1d341daac096a5e96cc71b92024-02-23T15:16:08ZengMDPI AGFishes2410-38882024-01-01925910.3390/fishes9020059Toxic Impact of Dietary Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Growth, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>)Hyeok-Chan Jung0Jun-Hwan Kim1Ju-Chan Kang2Department of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Marine Life Sciences, College of Ocean Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Republic of KoreaDepartment of Aquatic Life Medicine, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of KoreaStarry flounders (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) (average weight—114.69 ± 13 g, length—19.0 ± 0.21 cm) underwent a 4-week exposure to varying dietary cadmium (Cd) concentrations: 0, 10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg/kg. Bioaccumulation patterns were revealed in the intestine, kidney, liver, and gills in descending order of accumulation. Significant declines in growth indicators—body weight gain (BWG), specific growth rate (SGR), and feed efficiency ratio percentage (FER)—were evident at 80 mg Cd/kg for 2 weeks and beyond 60 mg Cd/kg for 4 weeks. Hematological parameters, including red blood cell (RBC) count, hematocrit (Ht), and hemoglobin (Hb), remarkably reduced at 80 mg Cd/kg for both 2 and 4 weeks. The total plasma protein reduced significantly after exposure to Cd for 2 and 4 weeks, alongside increased glucose levels, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), and glutamic pyruvate transaminase (GPT). Considerable increases in antioxidant responses—superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST), and glutathione (GSH) levels—were observed after exposure to Cd for 2 and 4 weeks. <i>P. stellatus</i> exhibits a high accumulation of dietary Cd in specific tissues. Moreover, concentrations above 60 mg Cd/kg adversely affected the growth performance, hematological parameters, plasma components, and antioxidant responses.https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/2/59dietary cadmiumcadmium toxicityaquatic contaminantsheavy metal exposure |
| spellingShingle | Hyeok-Chan Jung Jun-Hwan Kim Ju-Chan Kang Toxic Impact of Dietary Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Growth, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) Fishes dietary cadmium cadmium toxicity aquatic contaminants heavy metal exposure |
| title | Toxic Impact of Dietary Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Growth, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) |
| title_full | Toxic Impact of Dietary Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Growth, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) |
| title_fullStr | Toxic Impact of Dietary Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Growth, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Toxic Impact of Dietary Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Growth, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) |
| title_short | Toxic Impact of Dietary Cadmium on Bioaccumulation, Growth, Hematological Parameters, Plasma Components, and Antioxidant Responses in Starry Flounder (<i>Platichthys stellatus</i>) |
| title_sort | toxic impact of dietary cadmium on bioaccumulation growth hematological parameters plasma components and antioxidant responses in starry flounder i platichthys stellatus i |
| topic | dietary cadmium cadmium toxicity aquatic contaminants heavy metal exposure |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2410-3888/9/2/59 |
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