Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited
Cusp patterning on living and extinct primate molar teeth plays a crucial role in species diagnoses, phylogenetic inference, and the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of the primate clade. These studies rely on a system of nomenclature that can accurately identify and distinguish between th...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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PeerJ Inc.
2023-01-01
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| Series: | PeerJ |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://peerj.com/articles/14523.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797417705868886016 |
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| author | Simon A. Chapple Matthew M. Skinner |
| author_facet | Simon A. Chapple Matthew M. Skinner |
| author_sort | Simon A. Chapple |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cusp patterning on living and extinct primate molar teeth plays a crucial role in species diagnoses, phylogenetic inference, and the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of the primate clade. These studies rely on a system of nomenclature that can accurately identify and distinguish between the various structures of the crown surface. However, studies at the enamel-dentine junction (EDJ) of some primate taxa have demonstrated a greater degree of cusp variation and expression at the crown surface than current systems of nomenclature allow. In this study, we review the current nomenclature and its applicability across all the major primate clades based on investigations of mandibular crown morphology at the enamel-dentine junction revealed through microtomography. From these observations, we reveal numerous new patterns of lower molar accessory cusp expression in primates. We highlight numerous discrepancies between the expected patterns of variation inferred from the current academic literature, and the new patterns of expected variation seen in this study. Based on the current issues associated with the crown nomenclature, and an incomplete understanding of the precise developmental processes associated with each individual crown feature, we introduce these structures within a conservative, non-homologous naming scheme that focuses on simple location-based categorisations. Until there is a better insight into the developmental and phylogenetic origin of these crown features, these categorisations are the most practical way of addressing these structures. Until then, we also suggest the cautious use of accessory cusps for studies of taxonomy and phylogeny. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:22:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a0fe375bae94c6ca5cd42c4eb32422e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2167-8359 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:22:30Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | PeerJ Inc. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PeerJ |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a0fe375bae94c6ca5cd42c4eb32422e2023-12-03T11:31:44ZengPeerJ Inc.PeerJ2167-83592023-01-0111e1452310.7717/peerj.14523Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisitedSimon A. Chapple0Matthew M. Skinner1School of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent at Canterbury, Canterbury, Kent, United KingdomSchool of Anthropology and Conservation, University of Kent at Canterbury, Canterbury, Kent, United KingdomCusp patterning on living and extinct primate molar teeth plays a crucial role in species diagnoses, phylogenetic inference, and the reconstruction of the evolutionary history of the primate clade. These studies rely on a system of nomenclature that can accurately identify and distinguish between the various structures of the crown surface. However, studies at the enamel-dentine junction (EDJ) of some primate taxa have demonstrated a greater degree of cusp variation and expression at the crown surface than current systems of nomenclature allow. In this study, we review the current nomenclature and its applicability across all the major primate clades based on investigations of mandibular crown morphology at the enamel-dentine junction revealed through microtomography. From these observations, we reveal numerous new patterns of lower molar accessory cusp expression in primates. We highlight numerous discrepancies between the expected patterns of variation inferred from the current academic literature, and the new patterns of expected variation seen in this study. Based on the current issues associated with the crown nomenclature, and an incomplete understanding of the precise developmental processes associated with each individual crown feature, we introduce these structures within a conservative, non-homologous naming scheme that focuses on simple location-based categorisations. Until there is a better insight into the developmental and phylogenetic origin of these crown features, these categorisations are the most practical way of addressing these structures. Until then, we also suggest the cautious use of accessory cusps for studies of taxonomy and phylogeny.https://peerj.com/articles/14523.pdfDental anthropologyOdontogenesisCusp patterningTooth crown |
| spellingShingle | Simon A. Chapple Matthew M. Skinner Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited PeerJ Dental anthropology Odontogenesis Cusp patterning Tooth crown |
| title | Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited |
| title_full | Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited |
| title_fullStr | Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited |
| title_full_unstemmed | Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited |
| title_short | Primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited |
| title_sort | primate tooth crown nomenclature revisited |
| topic | Dental anthropology Odontogenesis Cusp patterning Tooth crown |
| url | https://peerj.com/articles/14523.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT simonachapple primatetoothcrownnomenclaturerevisited AT matthewmskinner primatetoothcrownnomenclaturerevisited |