Influence of rearing conditions on reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goats
The most important stressors in our country are unfavourable climatic and nutritional conditions. Extreme deviations in climatic and nutritional conditions are immediate stressors for the body of sheep and goats. Appetite in sheep and goats decreases if they are exposed to extremely high ambient tem...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade
2020-01-01
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| Series: | Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/1450-9156/2020/1450-91562004393H.pdf |
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| author | Hristov Slavča Stanković Branislav Nakov Dimitar Milošević-Stanković Ivana Maksimović Nevena |
| author_facet | Hristov Slavča Stanković Branislav Nakov Dimitar Milošević-Stanković Ivana Maksimović Nevena |
| author_sort | Hristov Slavča |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The most important stressors in our country are unfavourable climatic and nutritional conditions. Extreme deviations in climatic and nutritional conditions are immediate stressors for the body of sheep and goats. Appetite in sheep and goats decreases if they are exposed to extremely high ambient temperatures, while cold increases the body's energy needs and leads to the mobilization of fat from body fat and the consequent oxidation of fat and the formation of non-esterified fatty acids. Thyroid activity is reduced when these animals are exposed to high temperatures, and increased when they are exposed to cold. In an environment with high temperatures, blood glucose and cholesterol concentrations decrease due to unsuccessful maintenance of homeostasis. Sheep and goats are naturally kept in a group, which basically protects them from predators. They successfully register the action of new stimuli, especially noise and sudden movements of nearby predators. Early weaning breaks the bond between mother and offspring and adversely affects the development of normal behavioural relationships in lambs and kids, because artificial feeding systems do not fully meet the needs of oral activity, so sucking of the umbilical and scrotal region often occurs. Investigations of the influence of various technological procedures on the reactivity of the adrenal cortex indicate that the separation of the animal from the herd and immobilization are the most significant stimuli. Electrical stunning of sheep at the slaughterhouse causes significant stimulation of the sympathetic system with a sudden release of adrenaline and noradrenaline. In conditions of intensive production, the most significant stressors and physiological conditions that lead to stress are: parturition, birth, puerperal period, weaning, oestrus, high pregnancy, various surgical procedures, veterinary and zootechnical procedures, extreme variations of microand macroclimatic conditions, variations in quantity and food quality, etc. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-18T10:25:15Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a1905dc5d2a4ad8a9b6d216deebcc92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1450-9156 2217-7140 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T10:25:15Z |
| publishDate | 2020-01-01 |
| publisher | Institute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a1905dc5d2a4ad8a9b6d216deebcc922022-12-21T21:10:59ZengInstitute for Animal Husbandry, BelgradeBiotechnology in Animal Husbandry1450-91562217-71402020-01-013643934061450-91562004393HInfluence of rearing conditions on reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goatsHristov Slavča0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1719-9971Stanković Branislav1https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3925-6102Nakov Dimitar2Milošević-Stanković Ivana3Maksimović Nevena4https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1447-9476University of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, SerbiaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, SerbiaSs.Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food, Skopje, Republic of Northern MacedoniaUniversity of Belgrade, Faculty of Agriculture, Belgrade, SerbiaInstitute for Animal Husbandry, Belgrade, SerbiaThe most important stressors in our country are unfavourable climatic and nutritional conditions. Extreme deviations in climatic and nutritional conditions are immediate stressors for the body of sheep and goats. Appetite in sheep and goats decreases if they are exposed to extremely high ambient temperatures, while cold increases the body's energy needs and leads to the mobilization of fat from body fat and the consequent oxidation of fat and the formation of non-esterified fatty acids. Thyroid activity is reduced when these animals are exposed to high temperatures, and increased when they are exposed to cold. In an environment with high temperatures, blood glucose and cholesterol concentrations decrease due to unsuccessful maintenance of homeostasis. Sheep and goats are naturally kept in a group, which basically protects them from predators. They successfully register the action of new stimuli, especially noise and sudden movements of nearby predators. Early weaning breaks the bond between mother and offspring and adversely affects the development of normal behavioural relationships in lambs and kids, because artificial feeding systems do not fully meet the needs of oral activity, so sucking of the umbilical and scrotal region often occurs. Investigations of the influence of various technological procedures on the reactivity of the adrenal cortex indicate that the separation of the animal from the herd and immobilization are the most significant stimuli. Electrical stunning of sheep at the slaughterhouse causes significant stimulation of the sympathetic system with a sudden release of adrenaline and noradrenaline. In conditions of intensive production, the most significant stressors and physiological conditions that lead to stress are: parturition, birth, puerperal period, weaning, oestrus, high pregnancy, various surgical procedures, veterinary and zootechnical procedures, extreme variations of microand macroclimatic conditions, variations in quantity and food quality, etc.https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/1450-9156/2020/1450-91562004393H.pdfrearing conditionsreproductionproductionsheepgoats |
| spellingShingle | Hristov Slavča Stanković Branislav Nakov Dimitar Milošević-Stanković Ivana Maksimović Nevena Influence of rearing conditions on reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goats Biotechnology in Animal Husbandry rearing conditions reproduction production sheep goats |
| title | Influence of rearing conditions on reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goats |
| title_full | Influence of rearing conditions on reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goats |
| title_fullStr | Influence of rearing conditions on reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goats |
| title_full_unstemmed | Influence of rearing conditions on reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goats |
| title_short | Influence of rearing conditions on reproduction, growth, milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goats |
| title_sort | influence of rearing conditions on reproduction growth milk yield and quality of meat and milk of sheep and goats |
| topic | rearing conditions reproduction production sheep goats |
| url | https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/1450-9156/2020/1450-91562004393H.pdf |
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