<i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural Alterations
Herbicides are widely used to kill weeds and increase crop production all over the world. Nevertheless, some weeds show certain structural modifications in response to herbicide application that impart mostly partial or sometimes complete tolerance to these noxious plants. The present study was focu...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Agriculture |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/11/1831 |
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| author | Sidra Riaz Sana Basharat Farooq Ahmad Mansoor Hameed Sana Fatima Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad Syed Mohsan Raza Shah Ansa Asghar Mohamed A. El-Sheikh Prashant Kaushik |
| author_facet | Sidra Riaz Sana Basharat Farooq Ahmad Mansoor Hameed Sana Fatima Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad Syed Mohsan Raza Shah Ansa Asghar Mohamed A. El-Sheikh Prashant Kaushik |
| author_sort | Sidra Riaz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Herbicides are widely used to kill weeds and increase crop production all over the world. Nevertheless, some weeds show certain structural modifications in response to herbicide application that impart mostly partial or sometimes complete tolerance to these noxious plants. The present study was focused on morpho-anatomical modifications in the root, stem, and leaves of <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. treated with different herbicides and to examine whether it possesses tolerance against herbicides. Two pre- and four post-emergence herbicides were applied to <i>D. aegyptium</i> at the recommended dose in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Pre-emergence herbicide Bromoxynil enhanced root growth (30%), leaves per plant (3%), and leaf fresh weight (17.2%). Increased stem epidermal thickness (100%) was the most notable feature among anatomical attributes. Post-emergence herbicides generally increased stem epidermal thickness 33–56%), leaf sheath thickness (5%), and root area in roots. Other modifications included increased sclerenchymatous thickness in the stem (133–255%), and epidermal thickness (100–200%) in the leaf blade. These characters assisted <i>D. aegyptium</i> to cope with herbicide toxicity. Collectively, pre-emergence herbicides more effectively controlled <i>D. aegyptium</i> compared with post-emergence herbicides. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:21:40Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1a1f7f8734c44460bbb81968c992b9f5 |
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| issn | 2077-0472 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:21:40Z |
| publishDate | 2022-11-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agriculture |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a1f7f8734c44460bbb81968c992b9f52023-11-24T03:17:41ZengMDPI AGAgriculture2077-04722022-11-011211183110.3390/agriculture12111831<i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural AlterationsSidra Riaz0Sana Basharat1Farooq Ahmad2Mansoor Hameed3Sana Fatima4Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad5Syed Mohsan Raza Shah6Ansa Asghar7Mohamed A. El-Sheikh8Prashant Kaushik9Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Narowal, Narowal 51600, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanDepartment of Botany, The Government Sadiq College University, Bahawalpur 63100, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanDepartment of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education Lahore, Lahore 54000, PakistanDepartment of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad 38040, PakistanBotany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi ArabiaInstituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainHerbicides are widely used to kill weeds and increase crop production all over the world. Nevertheless, some weeds show certain structural modifications in response to herbicide application that impart mostly partial or sometimes complete tolerance to these noxious plants. The present study was focused on morpho-anatomical modifications in the root, stem, and leaves of <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. treated with different herbicides and to examine whether it possesses tolerance against herbicides. Two pre- and four post-emergence herbicides were applied to <i>D. aegyptium</i> at the recommended dose in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Pre-emergence herbicide Bromoxynil enhanced root growth (30%), leaves per plant (3%), and leaf fresh weight (17.2%). Increased stem epidermal thickness (100%) was the most notable feature among anatomical attributes. Post-emergence herbicides generally increased stem epidermal thickness 33–56%), leaf sheath thickness (5%), and root area in roots. Other modifications included increased sclerenchymatous thickness in the stem (133–255%), and epidermal thickness (100–200%) in the leaf blade. These characters assisted <i>D. aegyptium</i> to cope with herbicide toxicity. Collectively, pre-emergence herbicides more effectively controlled <i>D. aegyptium</i> compared with post-emergence herbicides.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/11/1831Egyptian crowfoot grasspre-emergencepost-emergenceherbicide toleranceanatomical modifications |
| spellingShingle | Sidra Riaz Sana Basharat Farooq Ahmad Mansoor Hameed Sana Fatima Muhammad Sajid Aqeel Ahmad Syed Mohsan Raza Shah Ansa Asghar Mohamed A. El-Sheikh Prashant Kaushik <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural Alterations Agriculture Egyptian crowfoot grass pre-emergence post-emergence herbicide tolerance anatomical modifications |
| title | <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural Alterations |
| title_full | <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural Alterations |
| title_fullStr | <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural Alterations |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural Alterations |
| title_short | <i>Dactyloctenium aegyptium</i> (L.) Willd. (Poaceae) Differentially Responds to Pre- and Post-Emergence Herbicides through Micro-Structural Alterations |
| title_sort | i dactyloctenium aegyptium i l willd poaceae differentially responds to pre and post emergence herbicides through micro structural alterations |
| topic | Egyptian crowfoot grass pre-emergence post-emergence herbicide tolerance anatomical modifications |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0472/12/11/1831 |
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