Polarizing T and B cell responses by APC-targeted subunit vaccines.
Current influenza vaccines mostly aim at the induction of specific neutralizing antibodies. While antibodies are important for protection against a particular virus strain, T cells can recognize epitopes that will offer broader protection against influenza. We have previously developed a DNA vaccine...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2015-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Immunology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00367/full |
| _version_ | 1818263765590736896 |
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| author | Gunnveig eGrødeland Even eFossum Bjarne eBogen Bjarne eBogen |
| author_facet | Gunnveig eGrødeland Even eFossum Bjarne eBogen Bjarne eBogen |
| author_sort | Gunnveig eGrødeland |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Current influenza vaccines mostly aim at the induction of specific neutralizing antibodies. While antibodies are important for protection against a particular virus strain, T cells can recognize epitopes that will offer broader protection against influenza. We have previously developed a DNA vaccine format by which protein antigens can be targeted specifically to receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs). The DNA-encoded vaccine proteins are homodimers, each chain consisting of a targeting unit, a dimerization unit, and an antigen. The strategy of targeting antigen to APCs greatly enhances immune responses as compared to non-targeted controls. Furthermore, targeting of antigen to different receptors on APCs can polarize the immune response to different arms of immunity. Here, we discuss how targeting of hemagglutinin (HA) to MHC class II molecules increases Th2 and IgG1 antibody responses, whereas targeting to chemokine receptors XCR1 or CCR1/3/5 increases Th1 and IgG2a responses, in addition to CD8+ T cell responses. We also discuss these results in relation to work published by others on APC-targeting. Differential targeting of APC surface molecules may allow the induction of tailor-made phenotypes of adaptive immune responses that are optimal for protection against various infectious agents, including influenza virus. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T19:24:13Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a233e6c8f6e4eb7aaf9439d89a03553 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-3224 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T19:24:13Z |
| publishDate | 2015-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Immunology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a233e6c8f6e4eb7aaf9439d89a035532022-12-22T00:14:32ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Immunology1664-32242015-07-01610.3389/fimmu.2015.00367145930Polarizing T and B cell responses by APC-targeted subunit vaccines.Gunnveig eGrødeland0Even eFossum1Bjarne eBogen2Bjarne eBogen3Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University HospitalDepartment of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo and Oslo University HospitalInstitute of Immunology, University of OsloCurrent influenza vaccines mostly aim at the induction of specific neutralizing antibodies. While antibodies are important for protection against a particular virus strain, T cells can recognize epitopes that will offer broader protection against influenza. We have previously developed a DNA vaccine format by which protein antigens can be targeted specifically to receptors on antigen presenting cells (APCs). The DNA-encoded vaccine proteins are homodimers, each chain consisting of a targeting unit, a dimerization unit, and an antigen. The strategy of targeting antigen to APCs greatly enhances immune responses as compared to non-targeted controls. Furthermore, targeting of antigen to different receptors on APCs can polarize the immune response to different arms of immunity. Here, we discuss how targeting of hemagglutinin (HA) to MHC class II molecules increases Th2 and IgG1 antibody responses, whereas targeting to chemokine receptors XCR1 or CCR1/3/5 increases Th1 and IgG2a responses, in addition to CD8+ T cell responses. We also discuss these results in relation to work published by others on APC-targeting. Differential targeting of APC surface molecules may allow the induction of tailor-made phenotypes of adaptive immune responses that are optimal for protection against various infectious agents, including influenza virus.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00367/fullInfluenza VaccinesT cellsVaccineantibodyTh1th2 |
| spellingShingle | Gunnveig eGrødeland Even eFossum Bjarne eBogen Bjarne eBogen Polarizing T and B cell responses by APC-targeted subunit vaccines. Frontiers in Immunology Influenza Vaccines T cells Vaccine antibody Th1 th2 |
| title | Polarizing T and B cell responses by APC-targeted subunit vaccines. |
| title_full | Polarizing T and B cell responses by APC-targeted subunit vaccines. |
| title_fullStr | Polarizing T and B cell responses by APC-targeted subunit vaccines. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Polarizing T and B cell responses by APC-targeted subunit vaccines. |
| title_short | Polarizing T and B cell responses by APC-targeted subunit vaccines. |
| title_sort | polarizing t and b cell responses by apc targeted subunit vaccines |
| topic | Influenza Vaccines T cells Vaccine antibody Th1 th2 |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fimmu.2015.00367/full |
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