High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy
Abstract Flat metaoptics components are looking to replace classical optics elements and could lead to extremely compact biophotonics devices if integrated with on-chip light sources and detectors. However, using metasurfaces to shape light into wide angular range wavefronts with high efficiency, as...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Nature Publishing Group
2023-10-01
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| Series: | Light: Science & Applications |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-023-01286-0 |
| _version_ | 1797556280005492736 |
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| author | Mindaugas Juodėnas Erik Strandberg Alexander Grabowski Johan Gustavsson Hana Šípová-Jungová Anders Larsson Mikael Käll |
| author_facet | Mindaugas Juodėnas Erik Strandberg Alexander Grabowski Johan Gustavsson Hana Šípová-Jungová Anders Larsson Mikael Käll |
| author_sort | Mindaugas Juodėnas |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Flat metaoptics components are looking to replace classical optics elements and could lead to extremely compact biophotonics devices if integrated with on-chip light sources and detectors. However, using metasurfaces to shape light into wide angular range wavefronts with high efficiency, as is typically required in high-contrast microscopy applications, remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate curved GaAs metagratings integrated on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) that enable on-chip illumination in total internal reflection and dark field microscopy. Based on an unconventional design that circumvents the aspect ratio dependent etching problems in monolithic integration, we demonstrate off-axis emission centred at 60° in air and 63° in glass with > 90% and > 70% relative deflection efficiency, respectively. The resulting laser beam is collimated out-of-plane but maintains Gaussian divergence in-plane, resulting in a long and narrow illumination area. We show that metagrating-integrated VCSELs of different kinds can be combined to enable rapid switching between dark-field and total internal reflection illumination. Our approach provides a versatile illumination solution for high-contrast imaging that is compatible with conventional microscopy setups and can be integrated with biophotonics devices, such as portable microscopy, NIR-II range bioimaging, and lab-on-a-chip devices. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:00:35Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a48f8f67e904e9ca3038e9e8d7c4644 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2047-7538 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T17:00:35Z |
| publishDate | 2023-10-01 |
| publisher | Nature Publishing Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Light: Science & Applications |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a48f8f67e904e9ca3038e9e8d7c46442023-11-20T10:58:32ZengNature Publishing GroupLight: Science & Applications2047-75382023-10-011211910.1038/s41377-023-01286-0High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopyMindaugas Juodėnas0Erik Strandberg1Alexander Grabowski2Johan Gustavsson3Hana Šípová-Jungová4Anders Larsson5Mikael Käll6Department of Physics, Chalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Physics, Chalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Microtechnology and Nanoscience, Chalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Physics, Chalmers University of TechnologyAbstract Flat metaoptics components are looking to replace classical optics elements and could lead to extremely compact biophotonics devices if integrated with on-chip light sources and detectors. However, using metasurfaces to shape light into wide angular range wavefronts with high efficiency, as is typically required in high-contrast microscopy applications, remains a challenge. Here we demonstrate curved GaAs metagratings integrated on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) that enable on-chip illumination in total internal reflection and dark field microscopy. Based on an unconventional design that circumvents the aspect ratio dependent etching problems in monolithic integration, we demonstrate off-axis emission centred at 60° in air and 63° in glass with > 90% and > 70% relative deflection efficiency, respectively. The resulting laser beam is collimated out-of-plane but maintains Gaussian divergence in-plane, resulting in a long and narrow illumination area. We show that metagrating-integrated VCSELs of different kinds can be combined to enable rapid switching between dark-field and total internal reflection illumination. Our approach provides a versatile illumination solution for high-contrast imaging that is compatible with conventional microscopy setups and can be integrated with biophotonics devices, such as portable microscopy, NIR-II range bioimaging, and lab-on-a-chip devices.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-023-01286-0 |
| spellingShingle | Mindaugas Juodėnas Erik Strandberg Alexander Grabowski Johan Gustavsson Hana Šípová-Jungová Anders Larsson Mikael Käll High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy Light: Science & Applications |
| title | High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy |
| title_full | High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy |
| title_fullStr | High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy |
| title_full_unstemmed | High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy |
| title_short | High-angle deflection of metagrating-integrated laser emission for high-contrast microscopy |
| title_sort | high angle deflection of metagrating integrated laser emission for high contrast microscopy |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-023-01286-0 |
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