| Summary: | The cerebellar germ arises from the rhombic lip, and it’s a rostral part from the mesencephalon. The
following cellular processes take place in the developing cerebellum: proliferation, migration,
differentiation, synapse formation and cell death. An important step is the transformation of the
Purkinje cell layer from a multilayer composition into a monolayer. This structural reorganization
is followed by the foliation process. At first, the smooth surface is divided into five major lobes by
four grooves in the vermis. In the next phase major lobes are subdivided into sublobes and lobules
and they grow in size. The development of granular neurons in the cerebellum takes place in two
phases. The first is in the rhombic lip and the second is in the external granular layer (EGL). The
development is directed by some transcription factors such as sonic hedgehog (Shh), Zbtb, and Pax6.
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