Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw Granulator
Continuous manufacturing is becoming the new technological standard in the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, a twin-screw processor was employed for the continuous production of liquisolid tablets containing either simethicone or a combination of simethicone with loperamide hydrochloride. Both...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-04-01
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| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/4/1265 |
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| author | Daniel Zakowiecki Margarethe Richter Ceren Yuece Annika Voelp Maximilian Ries Markos Papaioannou Peter Edinger Tobias Hess Krystyna Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska Krzysztof Cal |
| author_facet | Daniel Zakowiecki Margarethe Richter Ceren Yuece Annika Voelp Maximilian Ries Markos Papaioannou Peter Edinger Tobias Hess Krystyna Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska Krzysztof Cal |
| author_sort | Daniel Zakowiecki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Continuous manufacturing is becoming the new technological standard in the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, a twin-screw processor was employed for the continuous production of liquisolid tablets containing either simethicone or a combination of simethicone with loperamide hydrochloride. Both active ingredients present major technological challenges, as simethicone is a liquid, oily substance, and loperamide hydrochloride was used in a very small amount (0.27% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>). Despite these difficulties, the use of porous tribasic calcium phosphate as a carrier and the adjustment of the settings of the twin-screw processor enabled the optimization of the characteristics of the liquid-loaded powders and made it possible to efficiently produce liquisolid tablets with advantages in physical and functional properties. The application of chemical imaging by means of Raman spectroscopy allowed for the visualization of differences in the distribution of individual components of the formulations. This proved to be a very effective tool for identifying the optimum technology to produce a drug product. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:57Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a54c7a6b4334e1a98b533798ab3fc01 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:57Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a54c7a6b4334e1a98b533798ab3fc012023-11-17T20:55:03ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232023-04-01154126510.3390/pharmaceutics15041265Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw GranulatorDaniel Zakowiecki0Margarethe Richter1Ceren Yuece2Annika Voelp3Maximilian Ries4Markos Papaioannou5Peter Edinger6Tobias Hess7Krystyna Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska8Krzysztof Cal9Chemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, GermanyThermo Electron (Karlsruhe) GmbH, Pfannkuchstrasse 10-12, 76185 Karlsruhe, GermanyThermo Electron (Karlsruhe) GmbH, Pfannkuchstrasse 10-12, 76185 Karlsruhe, GermanyThermo Electron (Karlsruhe) GmbH, Pfannkuchstrasse 10-12, 76185 Karlsruhe, GermanyThermo Fisher Scientific GmbH, Im Steingrund 4-6, 63303 Dreieich, GermanyChemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, GermanyChemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, GermanyChemische Fabrik Budenheim KG, Rheinstrasse 27, 55257 Budenheim, GermanyDepartment of Physical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdansk, al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandContinuous manufacturing is becoming the new technological standard in the pharmaceutical industry. In this work, a twin-screw processor was employed for the continuous production of liquisolid tablets containing either simethicone or a combination of simethicone with loperamide hydrochloride. Both active ingredients present major technological challenges, as simethicone is a liquid, oily substance, and loperamide hydrochloride was used in a very small amount (0.27% <i>w</i>/<i>w</i>). Despite these difficulties, the use of porous tribasic calcium phosphate as a carrier and the adjustment of the settings of the twin-screw processor enabled the optimization of the characteristics of the liquid-loaded powders and made it possible to efficiently produce liquisolid tablets with advantages in physical and functional properties. The application of chemical imaging by means of Raman spectroscopy allowed for the visualization of differences in the distribution of individual components of the formulations. This proved to be a very effective tool for identifying the optimum technology to produce a drug product.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/4/1265continuous manufacturingliquisolid tabletssimethiconeloperamide hydrochloridetwin-screw granulatortribasic calcium phosphate |
| spellingShingle | Daniel Zakowiecki Margarethe Richter Ceren Yuece Annika Voelp Maximilian Ries Markos Papaioannou Peter Edinger Tobias Hess Krystyna Mojsiewicz-Pieńkowska Krzysztof Cal Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw Granulator Pharmaceutics continuous manufacturing liquisolid tablets simethicone loperamide hydrochloride twin-screw granulator tribasic calcium phosphate |
| title | Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw Granulator |
| title_full | Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw Granulator |
| title_fullStr | Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw Granulator |
| title_full_unstemmed | Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw Granulator |
| title_short | Towards the Continuous Manufacturing of Liquisolid Tablets Containing Simethicone and Loperamide Hydrochloride with the Use of a Twin-Screw Granulator |
| title_sort | towards the continuous manufacturing of liquisolid tablets containing simethicone and loperamide hydrochloride with the use of a twin screw granulator |
| topic | continuous manufacturing liquisolid tablets simethicone loperamide hydrochloride twin-screw granulator tribasic calcium phosphate |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/4/1265 |
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