Lunar PNT system concept and simulation results
The revived interest of many countries and the growing number of ongoing and scheduled missions to the Moon increases the significance of supporting navigation system development. A number of publications are based on multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal reception from the opposite...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
De Gruyter
2022-03-01
|
| Series: | Open Astronomy |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1515/astro-2022-0014 |
| _version_ | 1811236612025090048 |
|---|---|
| author | Kaplev Sergey Titov Maxim Valentirova Tamara Mozharov Igor Bolkunov Alexei Yaremchuk Valeriy |
| author_facet | Kaplev Sergey Titov Maxim Valentirova Tamara Mozharov Igor Bolkunov Alexei Yaremchuk Valeriy |
| author_sort | Kaplev Sergey |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The revived interest of many countries and the growing number of ongoing and scheduled missions to the Moon increases the significance of supporting navigation system development. A number of publications are based on multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal reception from the opposite side of the Earth using high-gain antennas and lunar augmentation constellations. While the accuracy of such systems could be sufficient, the positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) service dependency on circumterestrial navigation sources prevents the use of advanced navigation technologies honed in circumlunar space for further Mars and other celestial body missions, which is one of the major goals of lunar exploration. Moreover, orbit determination and time synchronization (ODTS) method descriptions and estimations are usually skipped in the studies of lunar augmentations. An alternative concept of the Lunar Navigation Satellite System (LNSS) is proposed based on Earth-dependency reduction principal and on-board ODTS. The advantage of the proposed approach is that LNSS-like systems could be adapted for other celestial bodies taking into account aspects such as their shape, dynamics, perturbations, as well as exploration priority regions. The baseline LNSS constellation of three circular orbits with three satellites each has been chosen as the result of multicriterion analysis of orbital stability and geometry. Station keeping requires less than 15 m/s for 10 years without significant changes in navigation performance in the prioritized Polar Regions. The full cycle of LNSS operation from ODTS and signal generation to its reception, processing, and obtaining navigation solutions has been simulated to obtain positioning accuracy for different types of users. Positioning accuracy of space users in approach/departure phases, in near-lunar orbits, as well as static users on a lunar surface is confirmed on a level of a few tens of meters. The same accuracy is achievable by dynamic users on a lunar surface during route stops or also in motion in case of LNSS constellation expansion or deployment of ground-based augmentation beacons in on-site exploration zones. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:12:05Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a690ac656c6414e893da403bf11f7b9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2543-6376 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T12:12:05Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | De Gruyter |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Open Astronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a690ac656c6414e893da403bf11f7b92022-12-22T03:33:33ZengDe GruyterOpen Astronomy2543-63762022-03-0131111011710.1515/astro-2022-0014Lunar PNT system concept and simulation resultsKaplev Sergey0Titov Maxim1Valentirova Tamara2Mozharov Igor3Bolkunov Alexei4Yaremchuk Valeriy5Information and Analysis Center for Positioning, Navigation and Timing IAC PNT, Central Research Institute for Machine Building (JSC TSNIIMASH), 4 Pionerskaya St., Korolev, Moscow Region 141070, Russian FederationInformation and Analysis Center for Positioning, Navigation and Timing IAC PNT, Central Research Institute for Machine Building (JSC TSNIIMASH), 4 Pionerskaya St., Korolev, Moscow Region 141070, Russian FederationInformation and Analysis Center for Positioning, Navigation and Timing IAC PNT, Central Research Institute for Machine Building (JSC TSNIIMASH), 4 Pionerskaya St., Korolev, Moscow Region 141070, Russian FederationInformation and Analysis Center for Positioning, Navigation and Timing IAC PNT, Central Research Institute for Machine Building (JSC TSNIIMASH), 4 Pionerskaya St., Korolev, Moscow Region 141070, Russian FederationInformation and Analysis Center for Positioning, Navigation and Timing IAC PNT, Central Research Institute for Machine Building (JSC TSNIIMASH), 4 Pionerskaya St., Korolev, Moscow Region 141070, Russian FederationInformation and Analysis Center for Positioning, Navigation and Timing IAC PNT, Central Research Institute for Machine Building (JSC TSNIIMASH), 4 Pionerskaya St., Korolev, Moscow Region 141070, Russian FederationThe revived interest of many countries and the growing number of ongoing and scheduled missions to the Moon increases the significance of supporting navigation system development. A number of publications are based on multi-Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal reception from the opposite side of the Earth using high-gain antennas and lunar augmentation constellations. While the accuracy of such systems could be sufficient, the positioning, navigation, and timing (PNT) service dependency on circumterestrial navigation sources prevents the use of advanced navigation technologies honed in circumlunar space for further Mars and other celestial body missions, which is one of the major goals of lunar exploration. Moreover, orbit determination and time synchronization (ODTS) method descriptions and estimations are usually skipped in the studies of lunar augmentations. An alternative concept of the Lunar Navigation Satellite System (LNSS) is proposed based on Earth-dependency reduction principal and on-board ODTS. The advantage of the proposed approach is that LNSS-like systems could be adapted for other celestial bodies taking into account aspects such as their shape, dynamics, perturbations, as well as exploration priority regions. The baseline LNSS constellation of three circular orbits with three satellites each has been chosen as the result of multicriterion analysis of orbital stability and geometry. Station keeping requires less than 15 m/s for 10 years without significant changes in navigation performance in the prioritized Polar Regions. The full cycle of LNSS operation from ODTS and signal generation to its reception, processing, and obtaining navigation solutions has been simulated to obtain positioning accuracy for different types of users. Positioning accuracy of space users in approach/departure phases, in near-lunar orbits, as well as static users on a lunar surface is confirmed on a level of a few tens of meters. The same accuracy is achievable by dynamic users on a lunar surface during route stops or also in motion in case of LNSS constellation expansion or deployment of ground-based augmentation beacons in on-site exploration zones.https://doi.org/10.1515/astro-2022-0014lunar navigationlunar frozen orbitson-board odtsorbital group time scalelunar beacons |
| spellingShingle | Kaplev Sergey Titov Maxim Valentirova Tamara Mozharov Igor Bolkunov Alexei Yaremchuk Valeriy Lunar PNT system concept and simulation results Open Astronomy lunar navigation lunar frozen orbits on-board odts orbital group time scale lunar beacons |
| title | Lunar PNT system concept and simulation results |
| title_full | Lunar PNT system concept and simulation results |
| title_fullStr | Lunar PNT system concept and simulation results |
| title_full_unstemmed | Lunar PNT system concept and simulation results |
| title_short | Lunar PNT system concept and simulation results |
| title_sort | lunar pnt system concept and simulation results |
| topic | lunar navigation lunar frozen orbits on-board odts orbital group time scale lunar beacons |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1515/astro-2022-0014 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT kaplevsergey lunarpntsystemconceptandsimulationresults AT titovmaxim lunarpntsystemconceptandsimulationresults AT valentirovatamara lunarpntsystemconceptandsimulationresults AT mozharovigor lunarpntsystemconceptandsimulationresults AT bolkunovalexei lunarpntsystemconceptandsimulationresults AT yaremchukvaleriy lunarpntsystemconceptandsimulationresults |