Native Vineyard Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts Used for Biological Control of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in Stored Table Grape
Postharvest spoilage fungi, such as <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, are considered the main cause of losses of fresh fruit quality and vegetables during storage, distribution, and consumption. The current control strategy is the use of SO<sub>2</sub> generator pads whose application...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/2/457 |
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| author | Antonio Domenico Marsico Matteo Velenosi Rocco Perniola Carlo Bergamini Scott Sinonin Vanessa David-Vaizant Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini Alexandre Hervè Maria Francesca Cardone Mario Ventura |
| author_facet | Antonio Domenico Marsico Matteo Velenosi Rocco Perniola Carlo Bergamini Scott Sinonin Vanessa David-Vaizant Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini Alexandre Hervè Maria Francesca Cardone Mario Ventura |
| author_sort | Antonio Domenico Marsico |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Postharvest spoilage fungi, such as <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, are considered the main cause of losses of fresh fruit quality and vegetables during storage, distribution, and consumption. The current control strategy is the use of SO<sub>2</sub> generator pads whose application is now largely under observation. A high quantity of SO<sub>2</sub> can be deleterious for fresh fruits and vegetables and it is not allowed in organic agriculture. For this reason, great attention has been recently focused on identifying Biological Control Agents (BCA) to implement biological approaches devoid of chemicals. In this direction, we carried out our study in isolating five different non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeast strains from local vineyards in the South of Italy as possible BCA. We performed both in vitro and in vivo assays in semi-commercial conditions on detached grape berries stored at 0 °C, simulating the temperature normally used during cold storage, and obtained relevant results. We isolated three <i>M. pulcherrima</i> strains and one <i>L. thermotolerans</i> strain able to largely antagonize the development of the <i>B. cinerea</i>, at both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In particular, we detected the ability of the three isolates of <i>M. pulcherrima</i> strains Ale4, N20/006, and Pr7 and the <i>L. thermotolerans</i> strain N10 to completely inhibit (100% in reduction) the mycelial growth of <i>B. cinerea</i> by producing fungistatic compounds. We found, using an extracellular lytic enzymes activity assay, that such activity could be related to lipid hydrolyzation, β-1,3-glucanase and pectinase activity, and pectinase and protease activity, depending on the yeasts used. Results from our in vitro assays allowed us to hypothesize for <i>M. pulcherrima</i> strains Ale4 and N20/006 a possible combination of both the production of soluble metabolites and volatile organic compounds to antagonize against <i>B. cinerea</i> growth. Moreover, in semi-commercial conditions, the <i>M. pulcherrima</i> strain N20/006 and <i>L. thermotolerans</i> strain N10 showed relevant antagonistic effect also at low concentrations (with a significantly reduction of ‘slip skin’ incidence of 86.4% and 72.7%, respectively), thus highlighting a peculiar property to use in commercial development for organic agriculture and the handling process. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:37:10Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1a717a69ac04470d8d2b8a2324e9b27b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:37:10Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a717a69ac04470d8d2b8a2324e9b27b2023-12-11T18:02:25ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-02-019245710.3390/microorganisms9020457Native Vineyard Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts Used for Biological Control of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in Stored Table GrapeAntonio Domenico Marsico0Matteo Velenosi1Rocco Perniola2Carlo Bergamini3Scott Sinonin4Vanessa David-Vaizant5Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini6Alexandre Hervè7Maria Francesca Cardone8Mario Ventura9Consiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria-Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed Enologia (CREA-VE), Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyConsiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria-Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed Enologia (CREA-VE), Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyConsiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria-Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed Enologia (CREA-VE), Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyConsiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria-Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed Enologia (CREA-VE), Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyEquipe VAlMiS (Vin, Aliment, Microbiologie, Stress), UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, AgroSupDijon—Université de Bourgogne/Franche-Comté, IUVV, Rue Claude Ladrey, BP 27877, 21000 Dijon, FranceEquipe VAlMiS (Vin, Aliment, Microbiologie, Stress), UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, AgroSupDijon—Université de Bourgogne/Franche-Comté, IUVV, Rue Claude Ladrey, BP 27877, 21000 Dijon, FranceDipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70124 Bari, ItalyEquipe VAlMiS (Vin, Aliment, Microbiologie, Stress), UMR Procédés Alimentaires et Microbiologiques, AgroSupDijon—Université de Bourgogne/Franche-Comté, IUVV, Rue Claude Ladrey, BP 27877, 21000 Dijon, FranceConsiglio per la Ricerca in Agricoltura e L’Analisi dell’Economia Agraria-Centro di Ricerca Viticoltura ed Enologia (CREA-VE), Via Casamassima 148, 70010 Turi, ItalyDipartimento di Biologia, Università degli Studi di Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70124 Bari, ItalyPostharvest spoilage fungi, such as <i>Botrytis cinerea</i>, are considered the main cause of losses of fresh fruit quality and vegetables during storage, distribution, and consumption. The current control strategy is the use of SO<sub>2</sub> generator pads whose application is now largely under observation. A high quantity of SO<sub>2</sub> can be deleterious for fresh fruits and vegetables and it is not allowed in organic agriculture. For this reason, great attention has been recently focused on identifying Biological Control Agents (BCA) to implement biological approaches devoid of chemicals. In this direction, we carried out our study in isolating five different non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> yeast strains from local vineyards in the South of Italy as possible BCA. We performed both in vitro and in vivo assays in semi-commercial conditions on detached grape berries stored at 0 °C, simulating the temperature normally used during cold storage, and obtained relevant results. We isolated three <i>M. pulcherrima</i> strains and one <i>L. thermotolerans</i> strain able to largely antagonize the development of the <i>B. cinerea</i>, at both in vitro and in vivo conditions. In particular, we detected the ability of the three isolates of <i>M. pulcherrima</i> strains Ale4, N20/006, and Pr7 and the <i>L. thermotolerans</i> strain N10 to completely inhibit (100% in reduction) the mycelial growth of <i>B. cinerea</i> by producing fungistatic compounds. We found, using an extracellular lytic enzymes activity assay, that such activity could be related to lipid hydrolyzation, β-1,3-glucanase and pectinase activity, and pectinase and protease activity, depending on the yeasts used. Results from our in vitro assays allowed us to hypothesize for <i>M. pulcherrima</i> strains Ale4 and N20/006 a possible combination of both the production of soluble metabolites and volatile organic compounds to antagonize against <i>B. cinerea</i> growth. Moreover, in semi-commercial conditions, the <i>M. pulcherrima</i> strain N20/006 and <i>L. thermotolerans</i> strain N10 showed relevant antagonistic effect also at low concentrations (with a significantly reduction of ‘slip skin’ incidence of 86.4% and 72.7%, respectively), thus highlighting a peculiar property to use in commercial development for organic agriculture and the handling process.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/2/457biological controltable grape<i>Botrytis cinerea</i>yeasts<i>Lachancea thermotolerans</i><i>Metschnikowia pulcherrima</i> |
| spellingShingle | Antonio Domenico Marsico Matteo Velenosi Rocco Perniola Carlo Bergamini Scott Sinonin Vanessa David-Vaizant Flavia Angela Maria Maggiolini Alexandre Hervè Maria Francesca Cardone Mario Ventura Native Vineyard Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts Used for Biological Control of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in Stored Table Grape Microorganisms biological control table grape <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> yeasts <i>Lachancea thermotolerans</i> <i>Metschnikowia pulcherrima</i> |
| title | Native Vineyard Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts Used for Biological Control of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in Stored Table Grape |
| title_full | Native Vineyard Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts Used for Biological Control of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in Stored Table Grape |
| title_fullStr | Native Vineyard Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts Used for Biological Control of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in Stored Table Grape |
| title_full_unstemmed | Native Vineyard Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts Used for Biological Control of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in Stored Table Grape |
| title_short | Native Vineyard Non-<i>Saccharomyces</i> Yeasts Used for Biological Control of <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> in Stored Table Grape |
| title_sort | native vineyard non i saccharomyces i yeasts used for biological control of i botrytis cinerea i in stored table grape |
| topic | biological control table grape <i>Botrytis cinerea</i> yeasts <i>Lachancea thermotolerans</i> <i>Metschnikowia pulcherrima</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/2/457 |
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