Plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in Canada
Global changes affect the growing conditions of terrestrial ecosystems, causing a mismatch between plant phenology and local climates in Northern regions. Due to their long lifespan and irregular regeneration periods, trees cannot respond quickly enough to climate variability through long-term genet...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-06-01
|
| Series: | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1217871/full |
| _version_ | 1797794956485591040 |
|---|---|
| author | Xiali Guo Valentina Buttò Valentina Buttò Vasyl Mohytych Marcin Klisz Yann Surget-Groba Jianguo Huang Sylvain Delagrange Sergio Rossi |
| author_facet | Xiali Guo Valentina Buttò Valentina Buttò Vasyl Mohytych Marcin Klisz Yann Surget-Groba Jianguo Huang Sylvain Delagrange Sergio Rossi |
| author_sort | Xiali Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Global changes affect the growing conditions of terrestrial ecosystems, causing a mismatch between plant phenology and local climates in Northern regions. Due to their long lifespan and irregular regeneration periods, trees cannot respond quickly enough to climate variability through long-term genetic adaptation. In this study, we explored the phenological plasticity and genetic variation among populations of bud burst in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) seedlings from 30 Canadian provenances with contrasting climates planted in two common gardens near and at the northern limit of the species’ range. We tested the hypothesis that phenotypic plasticity and genetic variation among populations affect bud phenology. We expect that phenotypic plasticity is more important in regulating bud phenology due to the high variability in short-term weather events characterizing this part of North America. Bud development and leafing occurred in April–May, with complete bud burst lasting between 21 and 29 days. On average, bud swelling differed by 12 days between common gardens. Both factors site (common gardens) and provenance significantly affected bud burst, demonstrating phenological plasticity and genetic variation of sugar maple, respectively. A significant interaction between site and provenance was also found. Overall, the site (11.8–90.3%) contributed more than provenance (0–3.1%) to the variance in timings of bud burst, indicating a dominant role of plasticity in regulating spring phenology. Our study demonstrated the concurring effects of genetic variation and phenological plasticity of sugar maple and revealed the dominant role of the latter factor. The high plasticity observed in sugar maple has a crucial role in the phenological adaptation of maple and the survival of its local populations in a context of changing climate. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:10:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a72abb8f3c949d38d5b9ac3db11bfd1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-701X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T03:10:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a72abb8f3c949d38d5b9ac3db11bfd12023-06-26T12:09:45ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution2296-701X2023-06-011110.3389/fevo.2023.12178711217871Plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in CanadaXiali Guo0Valentina Buttò1Valentina Buttò2Vasyl Mohytych3Marcin Klisz4Yann Surget-Groba5Jianguo Huang6Sylvain Delagrange7Sergio Rossi8State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Agro-bioresources, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning, ChinaLaboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, CanadaInstitut de recherche sur les forêts (IRF), Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, CanadaDepartment of Silviculture and Genetics, Forest Research Institute, Raszyn, PolandDepartment of Silviculture and Genetics, Forest Research Institute, Raszyn, PolandDepartment of Biology, University of Quebec in Outaouais, Ripon, QC, CanadaKey Laboratory of Conservation Biology for Endangered Wildlife of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Natural Sciences, University of Quebec in Outaouais Ripon, Gatineau, QC, CanadaLaboratoire sur les écosystèmes terrestres boréaux, Département des Sciences Fondamentales, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, Chicoutimi, QC, CanadaGlobal changes affect the growing conditions of terrestrial ecosystems, causing a mismatch between plant phenology and local climates in Northern regions. Due to their long lifespan and irregular regeneration periods, trees cannot respond quickly enough to climate variability through long-term genetic adaptation. In this study, we explored the phenological plasticity and genetic variation among populations of bud burst in sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) seedlings from 30 Canadian provenances with contrasting climates planted in two common gardens near and at the northern limit of the species’ range. We tested the hypothesis that phenotypic plasticity and genetic variation among populations affect bud phenology. We expect that phenotypic plasticity is more important in regulating bud phenology due to the high variability in short-term weather events characterizing this part of North America. Bud development and leafing occurred in April–May, with complete bud burst lasting between 21 and 29 days. On average, bud swelling differed by 12 days between common gardens. Both factors site (common gardens) and provenance significantly affected bud burst, demonstrating phenological plasticity and genetic variation of sugar maple, respectively. A significant interaction between site and provenance was also found. Overall, the site (11.8–90.3%) contributed more than provenance (0–3.1%) to the variance in timings of bud burst, indicating a dominant role of plasticity in regulating spring phenology. Our study demonstrated the concurring effects of genetic variation and phenological plasticity of sugar maple and revealed the dominant role of the latter factor. The high plasticity observed in sugar maple has a crucial role in the phenological adaptation of maple and the survival of its local populations in a context of changing climate.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1217871/fullAcer saccharumbud burstcommon gardenclimate changeecotypetemperature |
| spellingShingle | Xiali Guo Valentina Buttò Valentina Buttò Vasyl Mohytych Marcin Klisz Yann Surget-Groba Jianguo Huang Sylvain Delagrange Sergio Rossi Plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in Canada Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution Acer saccharum bud burst common garden climate change ecotype temperature |
| title | Plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in Canada |
| title_full | Plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in Canada |
| title_fullStr | Plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in Canada |
| title_full_unstemmed | Plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in Canada |
| title_short | Plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in Canada |
| title_sort | plasticity plays a dominant role in regulating the phenological variations of sugar maple populations in canada |
| topic | Acer saccharum bud burst common garden climate change ecotype temperature |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fevo.2023.1217871/full |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT xialiguo plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada AT valentinabutto plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada AT valentinabutto plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada AT vasylmohytych plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada AT marcinklisz plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada AT yannsurgetgroba plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada AT jianguohuang plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada AT sylvaindelagrange plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada AT sergiorossi plasticityplaysadominantroleinregulatingthephenologicalvariationsofsugarmaplepopulationsincanada |