Variation of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction in the lower free troposphere, in the boundary layer and at the surface
Eight years of occasional flask air sampling and 3 years of frequent in situ measurements of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) vertical profiles on board of a small aircraft, over a tall tower greenhouse gases monitoring site in Hungary are used for the analysis of the variations of vertic...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2012-09-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/8865/2012/acp-12-8865-2012.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819132580775067648 |
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| author | J. Tarniewicz C. Yver K. Tarczay Zs. Pátkai Z. Barcza M. Schmidt M. Ramonet L. Haszpra P. Ciais |
| author_facet | J. Tarniewicz C. Yver K. Tarczay Zs. Pátkai Z. Barcza M. Schmidt M. Ramonet L. Haszpra P. Ciais |
| author_sort | J. Tarniewicz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Eight years of occasional flask air sampling and 3 years of frequent in situ measurements of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) vertical profiles on board of a small aircraft, over a tall tower greenhouse gases monitoring site in Hungary are used for the analysis of the variations of vertical profile of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction. Using the airborne vertical profiles and the measurements along the 115 m tall tower it is shown that the measurements at the top of the tower estimate the mean boundary layer CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction during the mid-afternoon fairly well, with an underestimation of 0.27–0.85 μmol mol<sup>−1</sup> in summer, and an overestimation of 0.66–1.83 μmol mol<sup>−1</sup> in winter. The seasonal cycle of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction is damped with elevation. While the amplitude of the seasonal cycle is 28.5 μmol mol<sup>−1</sup> at 10 m above the ground, it is only 10.7 μmol mol<sup>−1</sup> in the layer of 2500–3000 m corresponding to the lower free atmosphere above the well-mixed boundary layer. The maximum mole fraction in the layer of 2500–3000 m can be observed around 25 March on average, two weeks ahead of that of the marine boundary layer reference (GLOBALVIEW). By contrast, close to the ground, the maximum CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction is observed late December, early January. The specific seasonal behavior is attributed to the climatology of vertical mixing of the atmosphere in the Carpathian Basin. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T09:33:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1a730aeee29b4b77905aae32f93868f8 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T09:33:40Z |
| publishDate | 2012-09-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a730aeee29b4b77905aae32f93868f82022-12-21T18:30:52ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242012-09-0112188865887510.5194/acp-12-8865-2012Variation of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction in the lower free troposphere, in the boundary layer and at the surfaceJ. TarniewiczC. YverK. TarczayZs. PátkaiZ. BarczaM. SchmidtM. RamonetL. HaszpraP. CiaisEight years of occasional flask air sampling and 3 years of frequent in situ measurements of carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) vertical profiles on board of a small aircraft, over a tall tower greenhouse gases monitoring site in Hungary are used for the analysis of the variations of vertical profile of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction. Using the airborne vertical profiles and the measurements along the 115 m tall tower it is shown that the measurements at the top of the tower estimate the mean boundary layer CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction during the mid-afternoon fairly well, with an underestimation of 0.27–0.85 μmol mol<sup>−1</sup> in summer, and an overestimation of 0.66–1.83 μmol mol<sup>−1</sup> in winter. The seasonal cycle of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction is damped with elevation. While the amplitude of the seasonal cycle is 28.5 μmol mol<sup>−1</sup> at 10 m above the ground, it is only 10.7 μmol mol<sup>−1</sup> in the layer of 2500–3000 m corresponding to the lower free atmosphere above the well-mixed boundary layer. The maximum mole fraction in the layer of 2500–3000 m can be observed around 25 March on average, two weeks ahead of that of the marine boundary layer reference (GLOBALVIEW). By contrast, close to the ground, the maximum CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction is observed late December, early January. The specific seasonal behavior is attributed to the climatology of vertical mixing of the atmosphere in the Carpathian Basin.http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/8865/2012/acp-12-8865-2012.pdf |
| spellingShingle | J. Tarniewicz C. Yver K. Tarczay Zs. Pátkai Z. Barcza M. Schmidt M. Ramonet L. Haszpra P. Ciais Variation of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction in the lower free troposphere, in the boundary layer and at the surface Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Variation of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction in the lower free troposphere, in the boundary layer and at the surface |
| title_full | Variation of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction in the lower free troposphere, in the boundary layer and at the surface |
| title_fullStr | Variation of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction in the lower free troposphere, in the boundary layer and at the surface |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variation of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction in the lower free troposphere, in the boundary layer and at the surface |
| title_short | Variation of CO<sub>2</sub> mole fraction in the lower free troposphere, in the boundary layer and at the surface |
| title_sort | variation of co sub 2 sub mole fraction in the lower free troposphere in the boundary layer and at the surface |
| url | http://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/8865/2012/acp-12-8865-2012.pdf |
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