Cyto-Genotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Flubendiamide in <i>Allium cepa</i> Root Cells, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and Molecular Docking Studies
Flubendiamide (FLB) is an insecticide that is commonly employed to control pests on a variety of vegetables and fruits, with low toxicity for non-target organisms. However, due to its widespread use, the environmental risks and food safety have become major concerns. In this study, the toxicity pote...
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MDPI AG
2023-01-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1565 |
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| author | İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci Recep Liman Erman Salih İstifli Dilek Akyıl Arzu Özkara Elena Bonciu Florica Colă |
| author_facet | İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci Recep Liman Erman Salih İstifli Dilek Akyıl Arzu Özkara Elena Bonciu Florica Colă |
| author_sort | İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Flubendiamide (FLB) is an insecticide that is commonly employed to control pests on a variety of vegetables and fruits, with low toxicity for non-target organisms. However, due to its widespread use, the environmental risks and food safety have become major concerns. In this study, the toxicity potential of FLB was studied in the model organisms, <i>Allium cepa</i> and <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. The cyto-genotoxic effects of FLB on the root growth, mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in <i>A. cepa</i> root meristematic cells were investigated using the root growth inhibition <i>Allium</i> test and Comet assays. FLB caused CAs in the form of disturbed ana-telophase, chromosome laggards, stickiness, anaphase-bridge and polyploidy depending on the concentration and the exposure time. The toxicity and genotoxicity of FLB at various doses (0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM) on <i>D. melanogaster</i> were investigated from the point of view of larval weight and movement, pupal formation success, pupal position, emergence success and DNA damage, respectively. FLB exposure led to a significant reduction of the locomotor activity at the highest concentration. While DNA damage increased significantly in the FLB-treated onions depending on the concentration and time, DNA damage in the FLB-treated <i>D. melanogaster</i> significantly increased only at the highest dose compared to that which occurred in the control group. Moreover, to provide a mechanistic insight into the genotoxic and locomotion-disrupting effects of FLB, molecular docking simulations of this pesticide were performed against the DNA and diamondback moth (DBM) ryanodine receptor (RyR) <i>Repeat34</i> domain. The docking studies revealed that FLB binds strongly to a DNA region that is rich in cytosine-guanine-adenine bases (C-G-A) in the minor groove, and it displayed a remarkable binding affinity against the DBM RyR <i>Repeat34</i> domain. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:33Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1a73943912594157b200bd940c028763 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:19:33Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
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| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1a73943912594157b200bd940c0287632023-11-30T22:42:22ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672023-01-01242156510.3390/ijms24021565Cyto-Genotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Flubendiamide in <i>Allium cepa</i> Root Cells, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and Molecular Docking Studiesİbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci0Recep Liman1Erman Salih İstifli2Dilek Akyıl3Arzu Özkara4Elena Bonciu5Florica Colă6Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200 Afyonkarahisar, TurkeyDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Uşak University, 1 Eylül Campus, 64300 Uşak, TurkeyDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Science and Literature, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, TurkeyDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200 Afyonkarahisar, TurkeyDepartment of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Literature, Afyon Kocatepe University, 03200 Afyonkarahisar, TurkeyDepartment of Agricultural and Forestry Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, RomaniaDepartment of Agricultural and Forestry Technology, Faculty of Agronomy, University of Craiova, 13 A.I. Cuza Street, 200585 Craiova, RomaniaFlubendiamide (FLB) is an insecticide that is commonly employed to control pests on a variety of vegetables and fruits, with low toxicity for non-target organisms. However, due to its widespread use, the environmental risks and food safety have become major concerns. In this study, the toxicity potential of FLB was studied in the model organisms, <i>Allium cepa</i> and <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i>. The cyto-genotoxic effects of FLB on the root growth, mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) damage in <i>A. cepa</i> root meristematic cells were investigated using the root growth inhibition <i>Allium</i> test and Comet assays. FLB caused CAs in the form of disturbed ana-telophase, chromosome laggards, stickiness, anaphase-bridge and polyploidy depending on the concentration and the exposure time. The toxicity and genotoxicity of FLB at various doses (0.001, 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM) on <i>D. melanogaster</i> were investigated from the point of view of larval weight and movement, pupal formation success, pupal position, emergence success and DNA damage, respectively. FLB exposure led to a significant reduction of the locomotor activity at the highest concentration. While DNA damage increased significantly in the FLB-treated onions depending on the concentration and time, DNA damage in the FLB-treated <i>D. melanogaster</i> significantly increased only at the highest dose compared to that which occurred in the control group. Moreover, to provide a mechanistic insight into the genotoxic and locomotion-disrupting effects of FLB, molecular docking simulations of this pesticide were performed against the DNA and diamondback moth (DBM) ryanodine receptor (RyR) <i>Repeat34</i> domain. The docking studies revealed that FLB binds strongly to a DNA region that is rich in cytosine-guanine-adenine bases (C-G-A) in the minor groove, and it displayed a remarkable binding affinity against the DBM RyR <i>Repeat34</i> domain.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1565chromosome aberrationsDNA damageenvironmental risk assessmentpesticidestoxicity |
| spellingShingle | İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci Recep Liman Erman Salih İstifli Dilek Akyıl Arzu Özkara Elena Bonciu Florica Colă Cyto-Genotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Flubendiamide in <i>Allium cepa</i> Root Cells, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and Molecular Docking Studies International Journal of Molecular Sciences chromosome aberrations DNA damage environmental risk assessment pesticides toxicity |
| title | Cyto-Genotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Flubendiamide in <i>Allium cepa</i> Root Cells, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and Molecular Docking Studies |
| title_full | Cyto-Genotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Flubendiamide in <i>Allium cepa</i> Root Cells, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and Molecular Docking Studies |
| title_fullStr | Cyto-Genotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Flubendiamide in <i>Allium cepa</i> Root Cells, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and Molecular Docking Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cyto-Genotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Flubendiamide in <i>Allium cepa</i> Root Cells, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and Molecular Docking Studies |
| title_short | Cyto-Genotoxic and Behavioral Effects of Flubendiamide in <i>Allium cepa</i> Root Cells, <i>Drosophila melanogaster</i> and Molecular Docking Studies |
| title_sort | cyto genotoxic and behavioral effects of flubendiamide in i allium cepa i root cells i drosophila melanogaster i and molecular docking studies |
| topic | chromosome aberrations DNA damage environmental risk assessment pesticides toxicity |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/24/2/1565 |
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