<i>Eutypella parasitica</i> and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i>) in Slovenia
<i>Eutypella parasitica</i> R.W. Davidson and R.C. Lorenz is the causative agent of Eutypella canker of maple, a destructive disease of maples in Europe and North America. The fungus <i>E. parasitica</i> infects the trunk through a branch stub or bark wound. Because the funga...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2020-04-01
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| Series: | Forests |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/4/467 |
| _version_ | 1797570086738853888 |
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| author | Ana Brglez Barbara Piškur Nikica Ogris |
| author_facet | Ana Brglez Barbara Piškur Nikica Ogris |
| author_sort | Ana Brglez |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> R.W. Davidson and R.C. Lorenz is the causative agent of Eutypella canker of maple, a destructive disease of maples in Europe and North America. The fungus <i>E. parasitica</i> infects the trunk through a branch stub or bark wound. Because the fungal community may have an impact on infection and colonization by <i>E. parasitica</i>, the composition of fungi colonizing wood of dead branches of sycamore maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i> L.) was investigated in five sampling sites in Slovenia. Forty samples from each sampling site were collected between the November 2017 and March 2018 period. Isolations were made from the wood in the outer part of dead branches and from discoloured wood in the trunk that originated from a dead branch. Pure cultures were divided into morphotypes, and one representative culture per morphotype was selected for further molecular identification. From a total of 2700 cultured subsamples, 1744 fungal cultures were obtained, which were grouped into 212 morphotypes. The investigated samples were colonized by a broad spectrum of fungi. The most frequently isolated species were <i>Eutypa</i> <i>maura</i> (Fr.) Sacc., <i>Eutypa</i> sp. Tul. and C. Tul., <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> (Fr.) Sacc., <i>Neocucurbitaria acerina</i> Wanas., Camporesi, E.B.G. Jones and K.D. Hyde and <i>E. parasitica</i>. In this study, we distinguished species diversity and the fungal community. There were no significant differences in the diversity of fungal species between the five sampling sites, and branch thickness did not prove to be a statistically significant factor in fungal species diversity. Nevertheless, relatively low Jaccard similarity index values suggested possible differences in the fungal communities from different sampling sites. This was confirmed by an analysis of similarities, which showed that the isolated fungal community distinctly differed between the five sampling sites and between the different isolation sources. <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> was isolated from all five investigated sampling sites, although Eutypella cankers were observed in only three sampling sites, indicating the possibility of asymptomatic infection. |
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| id | doaj.art-1a7ee8d716fa4fa084b76e0773039526 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4907 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T20:20:00Z |
| publishDate | 2020-04-01 |
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| spelling | doaj.art-1a7ee8d716fa4fa084b76e07730395262023-11-19T22:12:35ZengMDPI AGForests1999-49072020-04-0111446710.3390/f11040467<i>Eutypella parasitica</i> and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i>) in SloveniaAna Brglez0Barbara Piškur1Nikica Ogris2Department of Forest Protection, Slovenian Forestry Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Forest Protection, Slovenian Forestry Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Forest Protection, Slovenian Forestry Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia<i>Eutypella parasitica</i> R.W. Davidson and R.C. Lorenz is the causative agent of Eutypella canker of maple, a destructive disease of maples in Europe and North America. The fungus <i>E. parasitica</i> infects the trunk through a branch stub or bark wound. Because the fungal community may have an impact on infection and colonization by <i>E. parasitica</i>, the composition of fungi colonizing wood of dead branches of sycamore maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i> L.) was investigated in five sampling sites in Slovenia. Forty samples from each sampling site were collected between the November 2017 and March 2018 period. Isolations were made from the wood in the outer part of dead branches and from discoloured wood in the trunk that originated from a dead branch. Pure cultures were divided into morphotypes, and one representative culture per morphotype was selected for further molecular identification. From a total of 2700 cultured subsamples, 1744 fungal cultures were obtained, which were grouped into 212 morphotypes. The investigated samples were colonized by a broad spectrum of fungi. The most frequently isolated species were <i>Eutypa</i> <i>maura</i> (Fr.) Sacc., <i>Eutypa</i> sp. Tul. and C. Tul., <i>Fusarium avenaceum</i> (Fr.) Sacc., <i>Neocucurbitaria acerina</i> Wanas., Camporesi, E.B.G. Jones and K.D. Hyde and <i>E. parasitica</i>. In this study, we distinguished species diversity and the fungal community. There were no significant differences in the diversity of fungal species between the five sampling sites, and branch thickness did not prove to be a statistically significant factor in fungal species diversity. Nevertheless, relatively low Jaccard similarity index values suggested possible differences in the fungal communities from different sampling sites. This was confirmed by an analysis of similarities, which showed that the isolated fungal community distinctly differed between the five sampling sites and between the different isolation sources. <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> was isolated from all five investigated sampling sites, although Eutypella cankers were observed in only three sampling sites, indicating the possibility of asymptomatic infection.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/4/467fungal compositioninvasive speciesdiversityfungal communitiesmolecular identificationfrequencies |
| spellingShingle | Ana Brglez Barbara Piškur Nikica Ogris <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i>) in Slovenia Forests fungal composition invasive species diversity fungal communities molecular identification frequencies |
| title | <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i>) in Slovenia |
| title_full | <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i>) in Slovenia |
| title_fullStr | <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i>) in Slovenia |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i>) in Slovenia |
| title_short | <i>Eutypella parasitica</i> and Other Frequently Isolated Fungi in Wood of Dead Branches of Young Sycamore Maple (<i>Acer pseudoplatanus</i>) in Slovenia |
| title_sort | i eutypella parasitica i and other frequently isolated fungi in wood of dead branches of young sycamore maple i acer pseudoplatanus i in slovenia |
| topic | fungal composition invasive species diversity fungal communities molecular identification frequencies |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4907/11/4/467 |
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