Nano Carbon Doped Polyacrylamide Gel Electrolytes for High Performance Supercapacitors
Novel polyacrylamide gel electrolytes (PGEs) doped with nano carbons with enhanced electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties are presented. Carboxylated carbon nanotubes (fCNTs), graphene oxide sheets (GO), and the hybrid of fCNT/GO were embedded in the PGEs to serve as supercapacitor (SC)...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Molecules |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2631 |
| _version_ | 1797535611001765888 |
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| author | Samar Azizighannad Zhiqian Wang Zain Siddiqui Vivek Kumar Somenath Mitra |
| author_facet | Samar Azizighannad Zhiqian Wang Zain Siddiqui Vivek Kumar Somenath Mitra |
| author_sort | Samar Azizighannad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Novel polyacrylamide gel electrolytes (PGEs) doped with nano carbons with enhanced electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties are presented. Carboxylated carbon nanotubes (fCNTs), graphene oxide sheets (GO), and the hybrid of fCNT/GO were embedded in the PGEs to serve as supercapacitor (SC) electrolytes. Thermal stability of the unmodified PGE increased with the addition of the nano carbons which led to lower capacitance degradation and longer cycling life of the SCs. The fCNT/GO-PGE showed the best thermal stability, which was 50% higher than original PGE. Viscoelastic properties of PGEs were also improved with the incorporation of GO and fCNT/GO. Oxygen-containing functional groups in GO and fCNT/GO hydrogen bonded with the polymer chains and improved the elasticity of PGEs. The fCNT-PGE demonstrated a slightly lower viscous strain uninform distribution of CNTs in the polymer matrix and the defects formed within. Furthermore, ion diffusion between GO layers was enhanced in fCNT/GO-PGE because fCNT decreased the aggregation of GO sheets and improved the ion channels, increasing the gel ionic conductivity from 41 to 132 mS cm<sup>−1</sup>. Finally, MnO<sub>2</sub>-based supercapacitors using PGE, fCNT-PGE, GO-PGE, and fCNT/GO-PGE electrolytes were fabricated with the electrode-specific capacitance measured to be 39.5, 65.5, 77.6, and 83.3 F·g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of nano carbons as dopants in polymer gel electrolytes for property enhancements. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:46:56Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1aa9a26d87124eb2bfce71ec363764a3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1420-3049 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T11:46:56Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Molecules |
| spelling | doaj.art-1aa9a26d87124eb2bfce71ec363764a32023-11-21T17:57:19ZengMDPI AGMolecules1420-30492021-04-01269263110.3390/molecules26092631Nano Carbon Doped Polyacrylamide Gel Electrolytes for High Performance SupercapacitorsSamar Azizighannad0Zhiqian Wang1Zain Siddiqui2Vivek Kumar3Somenath Mitra4Department of Physics and Materials Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USADepartment of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USADepartment of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USADepartment of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USANovel polyacrylamide gel electrolytes (PGEs) doped with nano carbons with enhanced electrochemical, thermal, and mechanical properties are presented. Carboxylated carbon nanotubes (fCNTs), graphene oxide sheets (GO), and the hybrid of fCNT/GO were embedded in the PGEs to serve as supercapacitor (SC) electrolytes. Thermal stability of the unmodified PGE increased with the addition of the nano carbons which led to lower capacitance degradation and longer cycling life of the SCs. The fCNT/GO-PGE showed the best thermal stability, which was 50% higher than original PGE. Viscoelastic properties of PGEs were also improved with the incorporation of GO and fCNT/GO. Oxygen-containing functional groups in GO and fCNT/GO hydrogen bonded with the polymer chains and improved the elasticity of PGEs. The fCNT-PGE demonstrated a slightly lower viscous strain uninform distribution of CNTs in the polymer matrix and the defects formed within. Furthermore, ion diffusion between GO layers was enhanced in fCNT/GO-PGE because fCNT decreased the aggregation of GO sheets and improved the ion channels, increasing the gel ionic conductivity from 41 to 132 mS cm<sup>−1</sup>. Finally, MnO<sub>2</sub>-based supercapacitors using PGE, fCNT-PGE, GO-PGE, and fCNT/GO-PGE electrolytes were fabricated with the electrode-specific capacitance measured to be 39.5, 65.5, 77.6, and 83.3 F·g<sup>−1</sup>, respectively. This research demonstrates the effectiveness of nano carbons as dopants in polymer gel electrolytes for property enhancements.https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2631polymer electrolytegel electrolytesupercapacitorgraphene oxidecarbon nanotube |
| spellingShingle | Samar Azizighannad Zhiqian Wang Zain Siddiqui Vivek Kumar Somenath Mitra Nano Carbon Doped Polyacrylamide Gel Electrolytes for High Performance Supercapacitors Molecules polymer electrolyte gel electrolyte supercapacitor graphene oxide carbon nanotube |
| title | Nano Carbon Doped Polyacrylamide Gel Electrolytes for High Performance Supercapacitors |
| title_full | Nano Carbon Doped Polyacrylamide Gel Electrolytes for High Performance Supercapacitors |
| title_fullStr | Nano Carbon Doped Polyacrylamide Gel Electrolytes for High Performance Supercapacitors |
| title_full_unstemmed | Nano Carbon Doped Polyacrylamide Gel Electrolytes for High Performance Supercapacitors |
| title_short | Nano Carbon Doped Polyacrylamide Gel Electrolytes for High Performance Supercapacitors |
| title_sort | nano carbon doped polyacrylamide gel electrolytes for high performance supercapacitors |
| topic | polymer electrolyte gel electrolyte supercapacitor graphene oxide carbon nanotube |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/26/9/2631 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT samarazizighannad nanocarbondopedpolyacrylamidegelelectrolytesforhighperformancesupercapacitors AT zhiqianwang nanocarbondopedpolyacrylamidegelelectrolytesforhighperformancesupercapacitors AT zainsiddiqui nanocarbondopedpolyacrylamidegelelectrolytesforhighperformancesupercapacitors AT vivekkumar nanocarbondopedpolyacrylamidegelelectrolytesforhighperformancesupercapacitors AT somenathmitra nanocarbondopedpolyacrylamidegelelectrolytesforhighperformancesupercapacitors |