Antimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro
Abstract Background Orthodontic brackets provide a favorable environment for Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation, increasing the risk of white spots and dental caries. Manganese oxide (MnO2) nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler (DM) is a recently developed material for biofilm removal. DM can gener...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-01-01
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| Series: | BMC Oral Health |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02739-z |
| _version_ | 1797945653687484416 |
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| author | Hyunsub Kim Eun-Hyuk Lee Sang-woo Lee Yu-Heng Deng Ho-Beom Kwon Young-Jun Lim Hyunjoon Kong Myung-Joo Kim |
| author_facet | Hyunsub Kim Eun-Hyuk Lee Sang-woo Lee Yu-Heng Deng Ho-Beom Kwon Young-Jun Lim Hyunjoon Kong Myung-Joo Kim |
| author_sort | Hyunsub Kim |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Orthodontic brackets provide a favorable environment for Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation, increasing the risk of white spots and dental caries. Manganese oxide (MnO2) nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler (DM) is a recently developed material for biofilm removal. DM can generate oxygen by catalase-mimicking activity in Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution and move with ejecting oxygen microbubbles to produce a mechanical self-cleansing effect. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of DM as a novel bracket cleaner. Methods DM was prepared according to the protocol and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). We treated S. mutans biofilms grown over bracket with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS group), 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX group), 3% H2O2 (H2O2 group), and co-treatment with 3 mg/mL of DM and 3% H2O2 (DM group). The biofilm removal effect was analyzed using crystal violet assay, and the results were observed using SEM. The viability of S. mutans in remaining biofilms was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Finally, we examined the effect of all materials on mature multispecies biofilms formed on debonded brackets. Results Crystal violet assay results revealed that the CHX group removed more biofilms than the control group, and the DM group removed biofilms more effectively than the CHX group (p < 0.0001). SEM and CLSM images showed that CHX killed S. mutans but failed to remove most biofilms on brackets. However, DM effectively removed biofilms and mature multispecies biofilms on debonded brackets (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Co-treatment with DM and H2O2 is effective in removing biofilms on orthodontic brackets compared to conventional antibacterial agents. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:58:32Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1aaf29af34a24998a8b1f837d0194d69 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1472-6831 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-10T20:58:32Z |
| publishDate | 2023-01-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Oral Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-1aaf29af34a24998a8b1f837d0194d692023-01-22T12:27:12ZengBMCBMC Oral Health1472-68312023-01-012311910.1186/s12903-023-02739-zAntimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitroHyunsub Kim0Eun-Hyuk Lee1Sang-woo Lee2Yu-Heng Deng3Ho-Beom Kwon4Young-Jun Lim5Hyunjoon Kong6Myung-Joo Kim7Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National UniversityDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National UniversityDepartment of Physiology, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National UniversityDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Carle Illinois College of MedicineDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National UniversityDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National UniversityDepartment of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Carle Illinois College of MedicineDepartment of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National UniversityAbstract Background Orthodontic brackets provide a favorable environment for Streptococcus mutans biofilm formation, increasing the risk of white spots and dental caries. Manganese oxide (MnO2) nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler (DM) is a recently developed material for biofilm removal. DM can generate oxygen by catalase-mimicking activity in Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solution and move with ejecting oxygen microbubbles to produce a mechanical self-cleansing effect. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of DM as a novel bracket cleaner. Methods DM was prepared according to the protocol and analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). We treated S. mutans biofilms grown over bracket with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS group), 0.12% chlorhexidine (CHX group), 3% H2O2 (H2O2 group), and co-treatment with 3 mg/mL of DM and 3% H2O2 (DM group). The biofilm removal effect was analyzed using crystal violet assay, and the results were observed using SEM. The viability of S. mutans in remaining biofilms was evaluated using confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). Finally, we examined the effect of all materials on mature multispecies biofilms formed on debonded brackets. Results Crystal violet assay results revealed that the CHX group removed more biofilms than the control group, and the DM group removed biofilms more effectively than the CHX group (p < 0.0001). SEM and CLSM images showed that CHX killed S. mutans but failed to remove most biofilms on brackets. However, DM effectively removed biofilms and mature multispecies biofilms on debonded brackets (p < 0.0001). Conclusions Co-treatment with DM and H2O2 is effective in removing biofilms on orthodontic brackets compared to conventional antibacterial agents.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02739-zNanozymeManganese oxideDiatomBiofilmBracket |
| spellingShingle | Hyunsub Kim Eun-Hyuk Lee Sang-woo Lee Yu-Heng Deng Ho-Beom Kwon Young-Jun Lim Hyunjoon Kong Myung-Joo Kim Antimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro BMC Oral Health Nanozyme Manganese oxide Diatom Biofilm Bracket |
| title | Antimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro |
| title_full | Antimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro |
| title_fullStr | Antimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro |
| title_full_unstemmed | Antimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro |
| title_short | Antimicrobial efficacy of self-locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme-doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro |
| title_sort | antimicrobial efficacy of self locomotive manganese oxide nanozyme doped diatom microbubbler on orthodontic brackets in vitro |
| topic | Nanozyme Manganese oxide Diatom Biofilm Bracket |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02739-z |
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