Molecular and Serological Investigation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the East Shewa, Central Ethiopia
Gemachu Hirbaye,1 Eyob Hirpa Tola,2 Nebyou Moje,2 Teshale Sori2 1School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; 2College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Eyob Hirpa Tola, Email eyob.hirpa@aau.edu.etBackground: In...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2024-03-01
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| Series: | Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/molecular-and-serological-investigation-of-infectious-bronchitis-virus-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VMRR |
| _version_ | 1827319291653914624 |
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| author | Hirbaye G Tola EH Moje N Sori T |
| author_facet | Hirbaye G Tola EH Moje N Sori T |
| author_sort | Hirbaye G |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Gemachu Hirbaye,1 Eyob Hirpa Tola,2 Nebyou Moje,2 Teshale Sori2 1School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; 2College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Eyob Hirpa Tola, Email eyob.hirpa@aau.edu.etBackground: Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an economically important disease in poultry with worldwide distribution. The occurrence of IB has been reported both in commercial and backyard poultry in Ethiopia, although comprehensive information lacks available prevalence of the disease and the circulating serotypes.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to June 2022 in seven commercial farms found in East Shewa, Central Ethiopia. Serological assay using indirect ELISA, virus isolation techniques in embryonated eggs, and molecular techniques such as one-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting a 466 bp S1 gene were employed.Results: A total of 196 blood samples, 7 pools (35) of swab samples, and 5 pools of tracheal samples were investigated. The results of serological analysis revealed that 97.96% (192/196; 95% CI: 94.86– 99.44) of the sera samples were found to be positive for antibodies against IBV. Out of the 7 pools of swab and 5 pools of tracheal tissue samples analyzed using RT-PCR 33.3% (4/12) of them gave positive results all from swab samples. The RT-PCR-positive samples were subjected to a nested PCR yielding 295bp and 154bp indicating the circulation of Mass and 793/B (4/91) strains of IBV, respectively. The 12 pools of samples inoculated into embryonated egg showed cytopathic changes such as congestion, bleeding, and deformation only after three passages.Conclusion: Two serotypes of IBV are circulating in Ethiopian chickens, and molecular identification of the Massachusetts serotype is the first report in Ethiopia. Further epidemiological investigation is needed in order to devise effective control measures.Keywords: chickens, Central Ethiopia, IBV, nested-PCR, RT-PCR, serology |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:18:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ab6b4512b39434ca478f976c3b8b898 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2230-2034 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-25T00:18:30Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ab6b4512b39434ca478f976c3b8b8982024-03-12T17:38:24ZengDove Medical PressVeterinary Medicine: Research and Reports2230-20342024-03-01Volume 15819091124Molecular and Serological Investigation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the East Shewa, Central EthiopiaHirbaye GTola EHMoje NSori TGemachu Hirbaye,1 Eyob Hirpa Tola,2 Nebyou Moje,2 Teshale Sori2 1School of Veterinary Medicine, Wollega University, Nekemte, Ethiopia; 2College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture, Addis Ababa University, Bishoftu, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Eyob Hirpa Tola, Email eyob.hirpa@aau.edu.etBackground: Infectious bronchitis (IB) is an economically important disease in poultry with worldwide distribution. The occurrence of IB has been reported both in commercial and backyard poultry in Ethiopia, although comprehensive information lacks available prevalence of the disease and the circulating serotypes.Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2021 to June 2022 in seven commercial farms found in East Shewa, Central Ethiopia. Serological assay using indirect ELISA, virus isolation techniques in embryonated eggs, and molecular techniques such as one-step reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting a 466 bp S1 gene were employed.Results: A total of 196 blood samples, 7 pools (35) of swab samples, and 5 pools of tracheal samples were investigated. The results of serological analysis revealed that 97.96% (192/196; 95% CI: 94.86– 99.44) of the sera samples were found to be positive for antibodies against IBV. Out of the 7 pools of swab and 5 pools of tracheal tissue samples analyzed using RT-PCR 33.3% (4/12) of them gave positive results all from swab samples. The RT-PCR-positive samples were subjected to a nested PCR yielding 295bp and 154bp indicating the circulation of Mass and 793/B (4/91) strains of IBV, respectively. The 12 pools of samples inoculated into embryonated egg showed cytopathic changes such as congestion, bleeding, and deformation only after three passages.Conclusion: Two serotypes of IBV are circulating in Ethiopian chickens, and molecular identification of the Massachusetts serotype is the first report in Ethiopia. Further epidemiological investigation is needed in order to devise effective control measures.Keywords: chickens, Central Ethiopia, IBV, nested-PCR, RT-PCR, serologyhttps://www.dovepress.com/molecular-and-serological-investigation-of-infectious-bronchitis-virus-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VMRRchickenscentral ethiopiaibvnested-pcrrt-pcrserology |
| spellingShingle | Hirbaye G Tola EH Moje N Sori T Molecular and Serological Investigation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the East Shewa, Central Ethiopia Veterinary Medicine: Research and Reports chickens central ethiopia ibv nested-pcr rt-pcr serology |
| title | Molecular and Serological Investigation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the East Shewa, Central Ethiopia |
| title_full | Molecular and Serological Investigation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the East Shewa, Central Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Molecular and Serological Investigation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the East Shewa, Central Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular and Serological Investigation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the East Shewa, Central Ethiopia |
| title_short | Molecular and Serological Investigation of Infectious Bronchitis Virus in the East Shewa, Central Ethiopia |
| title_sort | molecular and serological investigation of infectious bronchitis virus in the east shewa central ethiopia |
| topic | chickens central ethiopia ibv nested-pcr rt-pcr serology |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/molecular-and-serological-investigation-of-infectious-bronchitis-virus-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-VMRR |
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