Communication: The electronic structure of matter probed with a single femtosecond hard x-ray pulse
Physical, biological, and chemical transformations are initiated by changes in the electronic configuration of the species involved. These electronic changes occur on the timescales of attoseconds (10−18 s) to femtoseconds (10−15 s) and drive all subsequent electronic r...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
AIP Publishing LLC and ACA
2014-03-01
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| Series: | Structural Dynamics |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4868260 |
| _version_ | 1818066223586344960 |
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| author | J. Szlachetko C. J. Milne J. Hoszowska J.-Cl. Dousse W. Błachucki J. Sà Y. Kayser M. Messerschmidt R. Abela S. Boutet C. David G. Williams M. Pajek B. D. Patterson G. Smolentsev J. A. van Bokhoven M. Nachtegaal |
| author_facet | J. Szlachetko C. J. Milne J. Hoszowska J.-Cl. Dousse W. Błachucki J. Sà Y. Kayser M. Messerschmidt R. Abela S. Boutet C. David G. Williams M. Pajek B. D. Patterson G. Smolentsev J. A. van Bokhoven M. Nachtegaal |
| author_sort | J. Szlachetko |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Physical, biological, and chemical transformations are initiated by changes in the
electronic configuration of the species involved. These electronic changes occur on the
timescales of attoseconds (10−18 s) to femtoseconds (10−15 s) and
drive all subsequent electronic reorganization as the system moves to a new equilibrium or
quasi-equilibrium state. The ability to detect the dynamics of these electronic changes is
crucial for understanding the potential energy surfaces upon which chemical and biological
reactions take place. Here, we report on the determination of the electronic structure of matter
using a single self-seeded femtosecond x-ray pulse from the
Linac Coherent Light Source hard x-ray free electron
laser. By measuring the high energy resolution off-resonant spectrum (HEROS), we
were able to obtain information about the electronic density of states with a single
femtosecond x-ray pulse. We show
that the unoccupied electronic states of the scattering atom may be determined on a shot-to-shot basis
and that the measured spectral shape is independent of the large intensity fluctuations of
the incoming x-ray beam. Moreover,
we demonstrate the chemical sensitivity and single-shot capability and limitations of
HEROS, which enables the technique to track the electronic structural dynamics in matter
on femtosecond time scales, making it an ideal probe technique for time-resolved
X-ray experiments. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:04:22Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ae181accb8d4616838c81f0b3d9cfc2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2329-7778 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-10T15:04:22Z |
| publishDate | 2014-03-01 |
| publisher | AIP Publishing LLC and ACA |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Structural Dynamics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ae181accb8d4616838c81f0b3d9cfc22022-12-22T01:44:06ZengAIP Publishing LLC and ACAStructural Dynamics2329-77782014-03-0112021101021101-810.1063/1.4868260004402SDYCommunication: The electronic structure of matter probed with a single femtosecond hard x-ray pulseJ. Szlachetko0C. J. Milne1J. Hoszowska2J.-Cl. Dousse3W. Błachucki4J. Sà5Y. Kayser6M. Messerschmidt7R. Abela8S. Boutet9C. David10G. Williams11M. Pajek12B. D. Patterson13G. Smolentsev14J. A. van Bokhoven15M. Nachtegaal16Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandDepartment of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, SwitzerlandDepartment of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, SwitzerlandDepartment of Physics, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, SwitzerlandPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandLinac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USAPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandLinac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USAPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandLinac Coherent Light Source (LCLS), SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USAInstitute of Physics, Jan Kochanowski University, Kielce, PolandPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandPaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, SwitzerlandPhysical, biological, and chemical transformations are initiated by changes in the electronic configuration of the species involved. These electronic changes occur on the timescales of attoseconds (10−18 s) to femtoseconds (10−15 s) and drive all subsequent electronic reorganization as the system moves to a new equilibrium or quasi-equilibrium state. The ability to detect the dynamics of these electronic changes is crucial for understanding the potential energy surfaces upon which chemical and biological reactions take place. Here, we report on the determination of the electronic structure of matter using a single self-seeded femtosecond x-ray pulse from the Linac Coherent Light Source hard x-ray free electron laser. By measuring the high energy resolution off-resonant spectrum (HEROS), we were able to obtain information about the electronic density of states with a single femtosecond x-ray pulse. We show that the unoccupied electronic states of the scattering atom may be determined on a shot-to-shot basis and that the measured spectral shape is independent of the large intensity fluctuations of the incoming x-ray beam. Moreover, we demonstrate the chemical sensitivity and single-shot capability and limitations of HEROS, which enables the technique to track the electronic structural dynamics in matter on femtosecond time scales, making it an ideal probe technique for time-resolved X-ray experiments.http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4868260 |
| spellingShingle | J. Szlachetko C. J. Milne J. Hoszowska J.-Cl. Dousse W. Błachucki J. Sà Y. Kayser M. Messerschmidt R. Abela S. Boutet C. David G. Williams M. Pajek B. D. Patterson G. Smolentsev J. A. van Bokhoven M. Nachtegaal Communication: The electronic structure of matter probed with a single femtosecond hard x-ray pulse Structural Dynamics |
| title | Communication: The electronic structure of matter probed with a single
femtosecond hard x-ray pulse |
| title_full | Communication: The electronic structure of matter probed with a single
femtosecond hard x-ray pulse |
| title_fullStr | Communication: The electronic structure of matter probed with a single
femtosecond hard x-ray pulse |
| title_full_unstemmed | Communication: The electronic structure of matter probed with a single
femtosecond hard x-ray pulse |
| title_short | Communication: The electronic structure of matter probed with a single
femtosecond hard x-ray pulse |
| title_sort | communication the electronic structure of matter probed with a single femtosecond hard x ray pulse |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4868260 |
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