Variability of mineral dust deposition in the western Mediterranean basin and south-east of France
Previous studies have provided some insight into the Saharan dust deposition at a few specific locations from observations over long time periods or intensive field campaigns. However, no assessment of the dust deposition temporal variability in connection with its regional spatial distribution h...
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| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2016-07-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| Online Access: | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/8749/2016/acp-16-8749-2016.pdf |
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| author | J. Vincent B. Laurent R. Losno R. Losno E. Bon Nguyen P. Roullet S. Sauvage S. Chevaillier P. Coddeville N. Ouboulmane A. G. di Sarra A. Tovar-Sánchez A. Tovar-Sánchez D. Sferlazzo A. Massanet S. Triquet R. Morales Baquero M. Fornier C. Coursier K. Desboeufs F. Dulac G. Bergametti |
| author_facet | J. Vincent B. Laurent R. Losno R. Losno E. Bon Nguyen P. Roullet S. Sauvage S. Chevaillier P. Coddeville N. Ouboulmane A. G. di Sarra A. Tovar-Sánchez A. Tovar-Sánchez D. Sferlazzo A. Massanet S. Triquet R. Morales Baquero M. Fornier C. Coursier K. Desboeufs F. Dulac G. Bergametti |
| author_sort | J. Vincent |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Previous studies have provided some insight into the Saharan dust deposition
at a few specific locations from observations over long time periods or
intensive field campaigns. However, no assessment of the dust deposition
temporal variability in connection with its regional spatial distribution has
been achieved so far from network observations over more than 1 year. To
investigate dust deposition dynamics at the regional scale, five automatic
deposition collectors named CARAGA (Collecteur Automatique de Retombées
Atmosphériques insolubles à Grande Autonomie in French) have been
deployed in the western Mediterranean region during 1 to 3 years
depending on the station. The sites include, from south to north, Lampedusa, Majorca, Corsica, Frioul and Le Casset (southern French
Alps). Deposition measurements are performed on a common weekly period at the
five sites. The mean dust deposition fluxes are higher close to the northern
African coasts and decrease following a south–north gradient, with values
from 7.4 g m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> in Lampedusa
(35°31′ N, 12°37′ E) to 1 g m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> in Le
Casset (44°59′ N, 6°28′ E). The maximum deposition flux
recorded is of 3.2 g m<sup>−2</sup> wk<sup>−1</sup> in Majorca with only two other
events showing more than 1 g m<sup>−2</sup> wk<sup>−1</sup> in Lampedusa, and a
maximum of 0.5 g m<sup>−2</sup> wk<sup>−1</sup> in Corsica. The maximum value of
2.1 g m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> observed in Corsica in 2013 is much lower than
existing records in the area over the 3 previous decades
(11–14 g m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>). From the 537 available samples, 98
major Saharan dust deposition events have been identified in the
records between 2011 and 2013. Complementary observations provided by both
satellite and air mass trajectories are used to identify the dust provenance
areas and the transport pathways from the Sahara to the stations for the
studied period. Despite the large size of African dust plumes detected by
satellites, more than 80 % of the major dust deposition events are
recorded at only one station, suggesting that the dust provenance, transport
and deposition processes (i.e. wet vs. dry) of dust are different and
specific for the different deposition sites in the Mediterranean studied
area. The results tend to indicate that wet deposition is the main form of
deposition for mineral dust in the western Mediterranean basin, but the
contribution of dry deposition (in the sense that no precipitation was
detected at the surface) is far from being negligible, and contributes 10 to
46 % to the major dust deposition events, depending on the sampling site. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:53:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ae37f5e83024b4e8a58ca1fd4b3b47b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1680-7316 1680-7324 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T22:53:21Z |
| publishDate | 2016-07-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ae37f5e83024b4e8a58ca1fd4b3b47b2022-12-22T03:58:31ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics1680-73161680-73242016-07-01168749876610.5194/acp-16-8749-2016Variability of mineral dust deposition in the western Mediterranean basin and south-east of FranceJ. Vincent0B. Laurent1R. Losno2R. Losno3E. Bon Nguyen4P. Roullet5S. Sauvage6S. Chevaillier7P. Coddeville8N. Ouboulmane9A. G. di Sarra10A. Tovar-Sánchez11A. Tovar-Sánchez12D. Sferlazzo13A. Massanet14S. Triquet15R. Morales Baquero16M. Fornier17C. Coursier18K. Desboeufs19F. Dulac20G. Bergametti21Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, FranceLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, FranceLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, Francepresent address: Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris (IPGP), UMR7154 CNRS, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Paris, FranceLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, FranceIngénierie, Conseil, Assistance technique, Recherche, Étude (ICARE Ingénierie), Paris, FranceDépartement Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement (SAGE), Mines Douai, 59508, Douai, FranceLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, FranceDépartement Sciences de l'Atmosphère et Génie de l'Environnement (SAGE), Mines Douai, 59508, Douai, FranceLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, FranceLaboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses (ENEA), Santa Maria di Galeria, ItalyAndalusian Marine Science Institute (ICMAN, CSIC), Cádiz, SpainInstitut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA-CSIC/UIB), Balearic Island, SpainLaboratory for Earth Observations and Analyses (ENEA), Santa Maria di Galeria, ItalyInstitut Mediterrani d'Estudis Avançats (IMEDEA-CSIC/UIB), Balearic Island, SpainLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, FranceDepartamento Ecologia, Universitad Granada, Granada, SpainMediterranean Institute of Oceanography (MIO), UMR7294 CNRS, UMR235 IRD, Université Aix-Marseille, Université du Sud Toulon-Var, Marseille, FranceParc national des Ecrins, Le Casset, FranceLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, FranceLaboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement (LSCE), UMR 8212 CEA-CNRS-UVSQ, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Gif-sur-Yvette, FranceLaboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA), UMR7583 CNRS, Université Paris Denis Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace, Paris, FrancePrevious studies have provided some insight into the Saharan dust deposition at a few specific locations from observations over long time periods or intensive field campaigns. However, no assessment of the dust deposition temporal variability in connection with its regional spatial distribution has been achieved so far from network observations over more than 1 year. To investigate dust deposition dynamics at the regional scale, five automatic deposition collectors named CARAGA (Collecteur Automatique de Retombées Atmosphériques insolubles à Grande Autonomie in French) have been deployed in the western Mediterranean region during 1 to 3 years depending on the station. The sites include, from south to north, Lampedusa, Majorca, Corsica, Frioul and Le Casset (southern French Alps). Deposition measurements are performed on a common weekly period at the five sites. The mean dust deposition fluxes are higher close to the northern African coasts and decrease following a south–north gradient, with values from 7.4 g m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> in Lampedusa (35°31′ N, 12°37′ E) to 1 g m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> in Le Casset (44°59′ N, 6°28′ E). The maximum deposition flux recorded is of 3.2 g m<sup>−2</sup> wk<sup>−1</sup> in Majorca with only two other events showing more than 1 g m<sup>−2</sup> wk<sup>−1</sup> in Lampedusa, and a maximum of 0.5 g m<sup>−2</sup> wk<sup>−1</sup> in Corsica. The maximum value of 2.1 g m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup> observed in Corsica in 2013 is much lower than existing records in the area over the 3 previous decades (11–14 g m<sup>−2</sup> year<sup>−1</sup>). From the 537 available samples, 98 major Saharan dust deposition events have been identified in the records between 2011 and 2013. Complementary observations provided by both satellite and air mass trajectories are used to identify the dust provenance areas and the transport pathways from the Sahara to the stations for the studied period. Despite the large size of African dust plumes detected by satellites, more than 80 % of the major dust deposition events are recorded at only one station, suggesting that the dust provenance, transport and deposition processes (i.e. wet vs. dry) of dust are different and specific for the different deposition sites in the Mediterranean studied area. The results tend to indicate that wet deposition is the main form of deposition for mineral dust in the western Mediterranean basin, but the contribution of dry deposition (in the sense that no precipitation was detected at the surface) is far from being negligible, and contributes 10 to 46 % to the major dust deposition events, depending on the sampling site.https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/8749/2016/acp-16-8749-2016.pdf |
| spellingShingle | J. Vincent B. Laurent R. Losno R. Losno E. Bon Nguyen P. Roullet S. Sauvage S. Chevaillier P. Coddeville N. Ouboulmane A. G. di Sarra A. Tovar-Sánchez A. Tovar-Sánchez D. Sferlazzo A. Massanet S. Triquet R. Morales Baquero M. Fornier C. Coursier K. Desboeufs F. Dulac G. Bergametti Variability of mineral dust deposition in the western Mediterranean basin and south-east of France Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics |
| title | Variability of mineral dust deposition in the western Mediterranean basin
and south-east of France |
| title_full | Variability of mineral dust deposition in the western Mediterranean basin
and south-east of France |
| title_fullStr | Variability of mineral dust deposition in the western Mediterranean basin
and south-east of France |
| title_full_unstemmed | Variability of mineral dust deposition in the western Mediterranean basin
and south-east of France |
| title_short | Variability of mineral dust deposition in the western Mediterranean basin
and south-east of France |
| title_sort | variability of mineral dust deposition in the western mediterranean basin and south east of france |
| url | https://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/16/8749/2016/acp-16-8749-2016.pdf |
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