Induction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulations
Abstract Fusarium verticillioides is an important fungal pathogen of maize, causing stalk rot and severely affecting crop production. The aim of this study was to characterize the protective effects of formulations based on Jacaranda mimosifolia leaf extracts against F. verticillioides in maize. We...
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Nature Portfolio
2021-01-01
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| Series: | Scientific Reports |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79306-x |
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| author | Rabia Naz Asghari Bano Asia Nosheen Humaira Yasmin Rumana Keyani Syed Tahir Abbas Shah Zahid Anwar Thomas H. Roberts |
| author_facet | Rabia Naz Asghari Bano Asia Nosheen Humaira Yasmin Rumana Keyani Syed Tahir Abbas Shah Zahid Anwar Thomas H. Roberts |
| author_sort | Rabia Naz |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Fusarium verticillioides is an important fungal pathogen of maize, causing stalk rot and severely affecting crop production. The aim of this study was to characterize the protective effects of formulations based on Jacaranda mimosifolia leaf extracts against F. verticillioides in maize. We compared different seed treatments comprising J. mimosifolia extracts, chemical fungicide (mefenoxam) and salicylic acid to modulate the defense system of maize host plants. Both aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of J. mimosifolia (1.2% w/v) resulted in 96–97% inhibition of mycelial growth of F. verticillioides. While a full-dose (1.2%) extract of J. mimosifolia provided significant protective effects on maize plants compared to the inoculated control, a half-dose (0.6% w/v) application of J. mimosifolia in combination with half-strength mefenoxam was the most effective treatment in reducing stalk rot disease in pot and field experiments. The same seed treatment significantly upregulated the expression of genes in the leaves encoding chitinase, glucanase, lipid transfer protein, and pathogenesis-related proteins PR-1, PR-5 and PR-10, 72 h after inoculation. This treatment also induced the activities of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, protease, acid invertase, chitinase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. We conclude that seed pre-treatment with J. mimosifolia extract with half-strength chemical mefenoxam is a promising approach for the management of stalk rot in maize. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:54:16Z |
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| id | doaj.art-1af41f8b1d5544b49ea4ca9e241b4898 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2045-2322 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T23:54:16Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | Nature Portfolio |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Scientific Reports |
| spelling | doaj.art-1af41f8b1d5544b49ea4ca9e241b48982022-12-21T21:28:06ZengNature PortfolioScientific Reports2045-23222021-01-0111111510.1038/s41598-020-79306-xInduction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulationsRabia Naz0Asghari Bano1Asia Nosheen2Humaira Yasmin3Rumana Keyani4Syed Tahir Abbas Shah5Zahid Anwar6Thomas H. Roberts7Department of Biosciences, COMSATS UniversityDepartment of Biosciences, University of WahDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS UniversityDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS UniversityDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS UniversityDepartment of Biosciences, COMSATS UniversityDepartment of Computer Science, COMSATS University IslamabadPlant Breeding Institute, Sydney Institute of Agriculture, University of SydneyAbstract Fusarium verticillioides is an important fungal pathogen of maize, causing stalk rot and severely affecting crop production. The aim of this study was to characterize the protective effects of formulations based on Jacaranda mimosifolia leaf extracts against F. verticillioides in maize. We compared different seed treatments comprising J. mimosifolia extracts, chemical fungicide (mefenoxam) and salicylic acid to modulate the defense system of maize host plants. Both aqueous and methanolic leaf extracts of J. mimosifolia (1.2% w/v) resulted in 96–97% inhibition of mycelial growth of F. verticillioides. While a full-dose (1.2%) extract of J. mimosifolia provided significant protective effects on maize plants compared to the inoculated control, a half-dose (0.6% w/v) application of J. mimosifolia in combination with half-strength mefenoxam was the most effective treatment in reducing stalk rot disease in pot and field experiments. The same seed treatment significantly upregulated the expression of genes in the leaves encoding chitinase, glucanase, lipid transfer protein, and pathogenesis-related proteins PR-1, PR-5 and PR-10, 72 h after inoculation. This treatment also induced the activities of peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase, protease, acid invertase, chitinase and phenylalanine ammonia lyase. We conclude that seed pre-treatment with J. mimosifolia extract with half-strength chemical mefenoxam is a promising approach for the management of stalk rot in maize.https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79306-x |
| spellingShingle | Rabia Naz Asghari Bano Asia Nosheen Humaira Yasmin Rumana Keyani Syed Tahir Abbas Shah Zahid Anwar Thomas H. Roberts Induction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulations Scientific Reports |
| title | Induction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulations |
| title_full | Induction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulations |
| title_fullStr | Induction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulations |
| title_full_unstemmed | Induction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulations |
| title_short | Induction of defense-related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against Fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with Jacaranda mimosifolia formulations |
| title_sort | induction of defense related enzymes and enhanced disease resistance in maize against fusarium verticillioides by seed treatment with jacaranda mimosifolia formulations |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79306-x |
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