Ultrasound triggered topical delivery of Bmp7 mRNA for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomes
Abstract Background Efficient and topical delivery of drugs is essential for maximized efficacy and minimized toxicity. In this study, we aimed to design an exosome-based drug delivery platform endowed with the ability of escaping from phagocytosis at non-target organs and controllably releasing dru...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2021-12-01
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| Series: | Journal of Nanobiotechnology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-01145-3 |
| _version_ | 1818007994436157440 |
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| author | Yitong Guo Zhuo Wan Ping Zhao Mengying Wei Yunnan Liu Te Bu Wenqi Sun Zhelong Li Lijun Yuan |
| author_facet | Yitong Guo Zhuo Wan Ping Zhao Mengying Wei Yunnan Liu Te Bu Wenqi Sun Zhelong Li Lijun Yuan |
| author_sort | Yitong Guo |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Efficient and topical delivery of drugs is essential for maximized efficacy and minimized toxicity. In this study, we aimed to design an exosome-based drug delivery platform endowed with the ability of escaping from phagocytosis at non-target organs and controllably releasing drugs at targeted location. Results The swtichable stealth coat CP05-TK-mPEG was synthesized and anchored onto exosomes through the interaction between peptide CP05 and exosomal surface marker CD63. Chlorin e6 (Ce6) was loaded into exosomes by direct incubation. Controllable removal of PEG could be achieved by breaking thioketal (TK) through reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was produced by Ce6 under ultrasound irradiation. The whole platform was called SmartExo. The stealth effects were analyzed in RAW264.7 cells and C57BL/6 mice via tracing the exosomes. To confirm the efficacy of the engineered smart exosomes, Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (Bmp7) mRNA was encapsulated into exosomes by transfection of overexpressing plasmid, followed by stealth coating, with the exosomes designated as SmartExo@Bmp7. Therapeutic advantages of SmartExo@Bmp7 were proved by targeted delivering Bmp7 mRNA to omental adipose tissue (OAT) of obese C57BL/6 mice for browning induction. SmartExo platform was successfully constructed without changing the basic characteristics of exosomes. The engineered exosomes effectively escaped from the phagocytosis by RAW264.7 and non-target organs. In addition, the SmartExo could be uptaken locally on-demand by ultrasound mediated removal of the stealth coat. Compared with control exosomes, SmartExo@Bmp7 effectively delivered Bmp7 mRNA into OAT upon ultrasound irradiation, and induced OAT browning, as evidenced by the histology of OAT and increased expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1). Conclusions The proposed SmartExo-based delivery platform, which minimizes side effects and maximizing drug efficacy, offers a novel safe and efficient approach for targeted drug delivery. As a proof, the SmartExo@Bmp7 induced local white adipose tissue browning, and it would be a promising strategy for anti-obesity therapy. Graphical Abstract |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:23:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b1e9096a06840269603bf229f1531d2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1477-3155 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-14T05:23:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Nanobiotechnology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b1e9096a06840269603bf229f1531d22022-12-22T02:10:06ZengBMCJournal of Nanobiotechnology1477-31552021-12-0119111310.1186/s12951-021-01145-3Ultrasound triggered topical delivery of Bmp7 mRNA for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomesYitong Guo0Zhuo Wan1Ping Zhao2Mengying Wei3Yunnan Liu4Te Bu5Wenqi Sun6Zhelong Li7Lijun Yuan8Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Hematology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityState Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityDepartment of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical UniversityAbstract Background Efficient and topical delivery of drugs is essential for maximized efficacy and minimized toxicity. In this study, we aimed to design an exosome-based drug delivery platform endowed with the ability of escaping from phagocytosis at non-target organs and controllably releasing drugs at targeted location. Results The swtichable stealth coat CP05-TK-mPEG was synthesized and anchored onto exosomes through the interaction between peptide CP05 and exosomal surface marker CD63. Chlorin e6 (Ce6) was loaded into exosomes by direct incubation. Controllable removal of PEG could be achieved by breaking thioketal (TK) through reactive oxygen species (ROS), which was produced by Ce6 under ultrasound irradiation. The whole platform was called SmartExo. The stealth effects were analyzed in RAW264.7 cells and C57BL/6 mice via tracing the exosomes. To confirm the efficacy of the engineered smart exosomes, Bone morphogenetic protein 7 (Bmp7) mRNA was encapsulated into exosomes by transfection of overexpressing plasmid, followed by stealth coating, with the exosomes designated as SmartExo@Bmp7. Therapeutic advantages of SmartExo@Bmp7 were proved by targeted delivering Bmp7 mRNA to omental adipose tissue (OAT) of obese C57BL/6 mice for browning induction. SmartExo platform was successfully constructed without changing the basic characteristics of exosomes. The engineered exosomes effectively escaped from the phagocytosis by RAW264.7 and non-target organs. In addition, the SmartExo could be uptaken locally on-demand by ultrasound mediated removal of the stealth coat. Compared with control exosomes, SmartExo@Bmp7 effectively delivered Bmp7 mRNA into OAT upon ultrasound irradiation, and induced OAT browning, as evidenced by the histology of OAT and increased expression of uncoupling protein 1 (Ucp1). Conclusions The proposed SmartExo-based delivery platform, which minimizes side effects and maximizing drug efficacy, offers a novel safe and efficient approach for targeted drug delivery. As a proof, the SmartExo@Bmp7 induced local white adipose tissue browning, and it would be a promising strategy for anti-obesity therapy. Graphical Abstracthttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-01145-3Targeted drug deliveryExosomesStealth techniqueUltrasoundBmp7White fat browning |
| spellingShingle | Yitong Guo Zhuo Wan Ping Zhao Mengying Wei Yunnan Liu Te Bu Wenqi Sun Zhelong Li Lijun Yuan Ultrasound triggered topical delivery of Bmp7 mRNA for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomes Journal of Nanobiotechnology Targeted drug delivery Exosomes Stealth technique Ultrasound Bmp7 White fat browning |
| title | Ultrasound triggered topical delivery of Bmp7 mRNA for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomes |
| title_full | Ultrasound triggered topical delivery of Bmp7 mRNA for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomes |
| title_fullStr | Ultrasound triggered topical delivery of Bmp7 mRNA for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomes |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ultrasound triggered topical delivery of Bmp7 mRNA for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomes |
| title_short | Ultrasound triggered topical delivery of Bmp7 mRNA for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomes |
| title_sort | ultrasound triggered topical delivery of bmp7 mrna for white fat browning induction via engineered smart exosomes |
| topic | Targeted drug delivery Exosomes Stealth technique Ultrasound Bmp7 White fat browning |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-021-01145-3 |
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