Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis.
Meiotic recombination and chromosome synapsis between homologous chromosomes are essential for proper chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division. While recombination and synapsis, as well as checkpoints that monitor these two events, take place in the context of a prophase I-specific axial...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2012-02-01
|
| Series: | PLoS Genetics |
| Online Access: | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3276554?pdf=render |
| _version_ | 1811209823098765312 |
|---|---|
| author | Tomoyuki Fukuda Florencia Pratto John C Schimenti James M A Turner R Daniel Camerini-Otero Christer Höög |
| author_facet | Tomoyuki Fukuda Florencia Pratto John C Schimenti James M A Turner R Daniel Camerini-Otero Christer Höög |
| author_sort | Tomoyuki Fukuda |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Meiotic recombination and chromosome synapsis between homologous chromosomes are essential for proper chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division. While recombination and synapsis, as well as checkpoints that monitor these two events, take place in the context of a prophase I-specific axial chromosome structure, it remains unclear how chromosome axis components contribute to these processes. We show here that many protein components of the meiotic chromosome axis, including SYCP2, SYCP3, HORMAD1, HORMAD2, SMC3, STAG3, and REC8, become post-translationally modified by phosphorylation during the prophase I stage. We found that HORMAD1 and SMC3 are phosphorylated at a consensus site for the ATM/ATR checkpoint kinase and that the phosphorylated forms of HORMAD1 and SMC3 localize preferentially to unsynapsed chromosomal regions where synapsis has not yet occurred, but not to synapsed or desynapsed regions. We investigated the genetic requirements for the phosphorylation events and revealed that the phosphorylation levels of HORMAD1, HORMAD2, and SMC3 are dramatically reduced in the absence of initiation of meiotic recombination, whereas BRCA1 and SYCP3 are required for normal levels of phosphorylation of HORMAD1 and HORMAD2, but not of SMC3. Interestingly, reduced HORMAD1 and HORMAD2 phosphorylation is associated with impaired targeting of the MSUC (meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin) machinery to unsynapsed chromosomes, suggesting that these post-translational events contribute to the regulation of the synapsis surveillance system. We propose that modifications of chromosome axis components serve as signals that facilitate chromosomal events including recombination, checkpoint control, transcription, and synapsis regulation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:45:27Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b1f2e680cb64799a54ae23172175817 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1553-7390 1553-7404 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T04:45:27Z |
| publishDate | 2012-02-01 |
| publisher | Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | PLoS Genetics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b1f2e680cb64799a54ae231721758172022-12-22T03:47:30ZengPublic Library of Science (PLoS)PLoS Genetics1553-73901553-74042012-02-0182e100248510.1371/journal.pgen.1002485Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis.Tomoyuki FukudaFlorencia PrattoJohn C SchimentiJames M A TurnerR Daniel Camerini-OteroChrister HöögMeiotic recombination and chromosome synapsis between homologous chromosomes are essential for proper chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division. While recombination and synapsis, as well as checkpoints that monitor these two events, take place in the context of a prophase I-specific axial chromosome structure, it remains unclear how chromosome axis components contribute to these processes. We show here that many protein components of the meiotic chromosome axis, including SYCP2, SYCP3, HORMAD1, HORMAD2, SMC3, STAG3, and REC8, become post-translationally modified by phosphorylation during the prophase I stage. We found that HORMAD1 and SMC3 are phosphorylated at a consensus site for the ATM/ATR checkpoint kinase and that the phosphorylated forms of HORMAD1 and SMC3 localize preferentially to unsynapsed chromosomal regions where synapsis has not yet occurred, but not to synapsed or desynapsed regions. We investigated the genetic requirements for the phosphorylation events and revealed that the phosphorylation levels of HORMAD1, HORMAD2, and SMC3 are dramatically reduced in the absence of initiation of meiotic recombination, whereas BRCA1 and SYCP3 are required for normal levels of phosphorylation of HORMAD1 and HORMAD2, but not of SMC3. Interestingly, reduced HORMAD1 and HORMAD2 phosphorylation is associated with impaired targeting of the MSUC (meiotic silencing of unsynapsed chromatin) machinery to unsynapsed chromosomes, suggesting that these post-translational events contribute to the regulation of the synapsis surveillance system. We propose that modifications of chromosome axis components serve as signals that facilitate chromosomal events including recombination, checkpoint control, transcription, and synapsis regulation.http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3276554?pdf=render |
| spellingShingle | Tomoyuki Fukuda Florencia Pratto John C Schimenti James M A Turner R Daniel Camerini-Otero Christer Höög Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis. PLoS Genetics |
| title | Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis. |
| title_full | Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis. |
| title_fullStr | Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis. |
| title_full_unstemmed | Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis. |
| title_short | Phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis. |
| title_sort | phosphorylation of chromosome core components may serve as axis marks for the status of chromosomal events during mammalian meiosis |
| url | http://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3276554?pdf=render |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tomoyukifukuda phosphorylationofchromosomecorecomponentsmayserveasaxismarksforthestatusofchromosomaleventsduringmammalianmeiosis AT florenciapratto phosphorylationofchromosomecorecomponentsmayserveasaxismarksforthestatusofchromosomaleventsduringmammalianmeiosis AT johncschimenti phosphorylationofchromosomecorecomponentsmayserveasaxismarksforthestatusofchromosomaleventsduringmammalianmeiosis AT jamesmaturner phosphorylationofchromosomecorecomponentsmayserveasaxismarksforthestatusofchromosomaleventsduringmammalianmeiosis AT rdanielcameriniotero phosphorylationofchromosomecorecomponentsmayserveasaxismarksforthestatusofchromosomaleventsduringmammalianmeiosis AT christerhoog phosphorylationofchromosomecorecomponentsmayserveasaxismarksforthestatusofchromosomaleventsduringmammalianmeiosis |