Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters of Military-Grade Armor Steel by Semi-Empirical and Regression Models
Rolled homogeneous armor steel (RHA) with a high tensile strength, toughness, and hardness is often used in military combat vehicles. RHA is a high-strength low alloy steel suitable for all battlefield usage in military vehicles. The present work examines the prediction output responses in the mater...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-06-01
|
| Series: | Materials |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4368 |
| _version_ | 1797484723790938112 |
|---|---|
| author | Soundarapandian Rammohan Sundaresan Thirumalai Kumaran Marimuthu Uthayakumar Kinga Korniejenko Marek Nykiel Arumugam Velayutham |
| author_facet | Soundarapandian Rammohan Sundaresan Thirumalai Kumaran Marimuthu Uthayakumar Kinga Korniejenko Marek Nykiel Arumugam Velayutham |
| author_sort | Soundarapandian Rammohan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Rolled homogeneous armor steel (RHA) with a high tensile strength, toughness, and hardness is often used in military combat vehicles. RHA is a high-strength low alloy steel suitable for all battlefield usage in military vehicles. The present work examines the prediction output responses in the material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra), and kerf angle (Ka) for the AWJM of armor steel using regression and semi-empirical models. The AWJM trials were performed using an L27 factorial design with each process variable set to three levels, namely, the standoff distance (SOD), jet traversing speed (JT), and jet water pressure (P). A regression model was constructed using the response surface method (RSM) and data from the trials. Through dimensional analysis and with Buckingham’s π-theorem, a semi-empirical model was built using both the experimental data and material property data. Predictions made by the models were proportionate with the results of the experiments under the same conditions. Microscopic investigations on MRR and Ra were performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The optimal values of the output responses of the machined armor steel plate were obtained with higher MRR = 298.92 mm<sup>3</sup>/min, lower Ka = 0.651°, and lower Ra = 2.23 µm. The present work established that semi-empirical models accurately predict the output responses in the AWJM of armor steel. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:09:30Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b203fc611be4f4980fe95990c8d3bb7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T23:09:30Z |
| publishDate | 2022-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b203fc611be4f4980fe95990c8d3bb72023-11-23T17:47:16ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442022-06-011512436810.3390/ma15124368Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters of Military-Grade Armor Steel by Semi-Empirical and Regression ModelsSoundarapandian Rammohan0Sundaresan Thirumalai Kumaran1Marimuthu Uthayakumar2Kinga Korniejenko3Marek Nykiel4Arumugam Velayutham5Department of Automobile Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, Tamil Nadu, IndiaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, Tamil Nadu, IndiaFaculty of Mechanical Engineering, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil 626126, Tamil Nadu, IndiaFaculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Kraków, PolandFaculty of Materials Engineering and Physics, Cracow University of Technology, al. Jana Pawła II 37, 31-864 Kraków, PolandFormer Scientist ‘G’, Combat Vehicles Research and Development Establishment, Ministry of Defense, Chennai 600054, Tamil Nadu, IndiaRolled homogeneous armor steel (RHA) with a high tensile strength, toughness, and hardness is often used in military combat vehicles. RHA is a high-strength low alloy steel suitable for all battlefield usage in military vehicles. The present work examines the prediction output responses in the material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (Ra), and kerf angle (Ka) for the AWJM of armor steel using regression and semi-empirical models. The AWJM trials were performed using an L27 factorial design with each process variable set to three levels, namely, the standoff distance (SOD), jet traversing speed (JT), and jet water pressure (P). A regression model was constructed using the response surface method (RSM) and data from the trials. Through dimensional analysis and with Buckingham’s π-theorem, a semi-empirical model was built using both the experimental data and material property data. Predictions made by the models were proportionate with the results of the experiments under the same conditions. Microscopic investigations on MRR and Ra were performed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). The optimal values of the output responses of the machined armor steel plate were obtained with higher MRR = 298.92 mm<sup>3</sup>/min, lower Ka = 0.651°, and lower Ra = 2.23 µm. The present work established that semi-empirical models accurately predict the output responses in the AWJM of armor steel.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4368abrasive waterjet machiningarmor steelBuckingham π-theoremregression model |
| spellingShingle | Soundarapandian Rammohan Sundaresan Thirumalai Kumaran Marimuthu Uthayakumar Kinga Korniejenko Marek Nykiel Arumugam Velayutham Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters of Military-Grade Armor Steel by Semi-Empirical and Regression Models Materials abrasive waterjet machining armor steel Buckingham π-theorem regression model |
| title | Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters of Military-Grade Armor Steel by Semi-Empirical and Regression Models |
| title_full | Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters of Military-Grade Armor Steel by Semi-Empirical and Regression Models |
| title_fullStr | Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters of Military-Grade Armor Steel by Semi-Empirical and Regression Models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters of Military-Grade Armor Steel by Semi-Empirical and Regression Models |
| title_short | Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet Machining Parameters of Military-Grade Armor Steel by Semi-Empirical and Regression Models |
| title_sort | prediction of abrasive waterjet machining parameters of military grade armor steel by semi empirical and regression models |
| topic | abrasive waterjet machining armor steel Buckingham π-theorem regression model |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/15/12/4368 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT soundarapandianrammohan predictionofabrasivewaterjetmachiningparametersofmilitarygradearmorsteelbysemiempiricalandregressionmodels AT sundaresanthirumalaikumaran predictionofabrasivewaterjetmachiningparametersofmilitarygradearmorsteelbysemiempiricalandregressionmodels AT marimuthuuthayakumar predictionofabrasivewaterjetmachiningparametersofmilitarygradearmorsteelbysemiempiricalandregressionmodels AT kingakorniejenko predictionofabrasivewaterjetmachiningparametersofmilitarygradearmorsteelbysemiempiricalandregressionmodels AT mareknykiel predictionofabrasivewaterjetmachiningparametersofmilitarygradearmorsteelbysemiempiricalandregressionmodels AT arumugamvelayutham predictionofabrasivewaterjetmachiningparametersofmilitarygradearmorsteelbysemiempiricalandregressionmodels |