Co-Application of Silver Nanoparticles and Symbiotic Fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> Improves Secondary Metabolite Production in Black Rice
In the current research, unique Nano-Embedded Fungus (NEF), made by the synergic association of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and endophytic fungus (<i>Piriformospora indica</i>), is studied, and the impact of NEF on black rice secondary metabolites is reported. AgNPs were synthesized by...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-02-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/2/260 |
| _version_ | 1797619946812866560 |
|---|---|
| author | Shikha Solanki G. B. V. S. Lakshmi Tarun Dhiman Samta Gupta Pratima R. Solanki Rupam Kapoor Ajit Varma |
| author_facet | Shikha Solanki G. B. V. S. Lakshmi Tarun Dhiman Samta Gupta Pratima R. Solanki Rupam Kapoor Ajit Varma |
| author_sort | Shikha Solanki |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the current research, unique Nano-Embedded Fungus (NEF), made by the synergic association of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and endophytic fungus (<i>Piriformospora indica</i>), is studied, and the impact of NEF on black rice secondary metabolites is reported. AgNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction process using the temperature-dependent method and characterized for morphological and structural features through UV visible absorption spectroscopy, zeta potential, XRD, SEM-EDX, and FTIR spectroscopy. The NEF, prepared by optimizing the AgNPs concentration (300 ppm) in agar and broth media, showed better fungal biomass, colony diameter, spore count, and spore size than the control <i>P. indica</i>. Treatment with AgNPs, <i>P. indica</i>, and NEF resulted in growth enhancement in black rice. NEF and AgNPs stimulated the production of secondary metabolites in its leaves. The concentrations of chlorophyll, carotenoids, flavonoids, and terpenoids were increased in plants inoculated with <i>P. indica</i> and AgNPs. The findings of the study highlight the synergistic effect of AgNPs and the fungal symbionts in augmenting the secondary metabolites in leaves of black rice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:35:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b3edb859eec43cfa702001dfd4a2dc6 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T08:35:24Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b3edb859eec43cfa702001dfd4a2dc62023-11-16T21:31:18ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2023-02-019226010.3390/jof9020260Co-Application of Silver Nanoparticles and Symbiotic Fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> Improves Secondary Metabolite Production in Black RiceShikha Solanki0G. B. V. S. Lakshmi1Tarun Dhiman2Samta Gupta3Pratima R. Solanki4Rupam Kapoor5Ajit Varma6Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida 201303, IndiaSpecial Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, IndiaSpecial Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, IndiaDepartment of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, IndiaSpecial Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, IndiaDepartment of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi 110007, IndiaAmity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida 201303, IndiaIn the current research, unique Nano-Embedded Fungus (NEF), made by the synergic association of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and endophytic fungus (<i>Piriformospora indica</i>), is studied, and the impact of NEF on black rice secondary metabolites is reported. AgNPs were synthesized by chemical reduction process using the temperature-dependent method and characterized for morphological and structural features through UV visible absorption spectroscopy, zeta potential, XRD, SEM-EDX, and FTIR spectroscopy. The NEF, prepared by optimizing the AgNPs concentration (300 ppm) in agar and broth media, showed better fungal biomass, colony diameter, spore count, and spore size than the control <i>P. indica</i>. Treatment with AgNPs, <i>P. indica</i>, and NEF resulted in growth enhancement in black rice. NEF and AgNPs stimulated the production of secondary metabolites in its leaves. The concentrations of chlorophyll, carotenoids, flavonoids, and terpenoids were increased in plants inoculated with <i>P. indica</i> and AgNPs. The findings of the study highlight the synergistic effect of AgNPs and the fungal symbionts in augmenting the secondary metabolites in leaves of black rice.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/2/260<i>Serendipita indica</i>endosymbiontnano-embedded fungusconfocal microscopyscanning electron microscopy<i>Oryza sativa</i> L. <i>indica</i> |
| spellingShingle | Shikha Solanki G. B. V. S. Lakshmi Tarun Dhiman Samta Gupta Pratima R. Solanki Rupam Kapoor Ajit Varma Co-Application of Silver Nanoparticles and Symbiotic Fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> Improves Secondary Metabolite Production in Black Rice Journal of Fungi <i>Serendipita indica</i> endosymbiont nano-embedded fungus confocal microscopy scanning electron microscopy <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. <i>indica</i> |
| title | Co-Application of Silver Nanoparticles and Symbiotic Fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> Improves Secondary Metabolite Production in Black Rice |
| title_full | Co-Application of Silver Nanoparticles and Symbiotic Fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> Improves Secondary Metabolite Production in Black Rice |
| title_fullStr | Co-Application of Silver Nanoparticles and Symbiotic Fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> Improves Secondary Metabolite Production in Black Rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Co-Application of Silver Nanoparticles and Symbiotic Fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> Improves Secondary Metabolite Production in Black Rice |
| title_short | Co-Application of Silver Nanoparticles and Symbiotic Fungus <i>Piriformospora indica</i> Improves Secondary Metabolite Production in Black Rice |
| title_sort | co application of silver nanoparticles and symbiotic fungus i piriformospora indica i improves secondary metabolite production in black rice |
| topic | <i>Serendipita indica</i> endosymbiont nano-embedded fungus confocal microscopy scanning electron microscopy <i>Oryza sativa</i> L. <i>indica</i> |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/9/2/260 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT shikhasolanki coapplicationofsilvernanoparticlesandsymbioticfungusipiriformosporaindicaiimprovessecondarymetaboliteproductioninblackrice AT gbvslakshmi coapplicationofsilvernanoparticlesandsymbioticfungusipiriformosporaindicaiimprovessecondarymetaboliteproductioninblackrice AT tarundhiman coapplicationofsilvernanoparticlesandsymbioticfungusipiriformosporaindicaiimprovessecondarymetaboliteproductioninblackrice AT samtagupta coapplicationofsilvernanoparticlesandsymbioticfungusipiriformosporaindicaiimprovessecondarymetaboliteproductioninblackrice AT pratimarsolanki coapplicationofsilvernanoparticlesandsymbioticfungusipiriformosporaindicaiimprovessecondarymetaboliteproductioninblackrice AT rupamkapoor coapplicationofsilvernanoparticlesandsymbioticfungusipiriformosporaindicaiimprovessecondarymetaboliteproductioninblackrice AT ajitvarma coapplicationofsilvernanoparticlesandsymbioticfungusipiriformosporaindicaiimprovessecondarymetaboliteproductioninblackrice |