Remodeling of Bone Marrow Niches and Roles of Exosomes in Leukemia
Leukemia is a hematological malignancy that originates from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Significant progress has made in understanding its pathogensis and in establishing chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation therapy (HSCT). However, while the successive developme...
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| author | Takanori Yamaguchi Eiji Kawamoto Arong Gaowa Eun Jeong Park Motomu Shimaoka |
| author_facet | Takanori Yamaguchi Eiji Kawamoto Arong Gaowa Eun Jeong Park Motomu Shimaoka |
| author_sort | Takanori Yamaguchi |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Leukemia is a hematological malignancy that originates from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Significant progress has made in understanding its pathogensis and in establishing chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation therapy (HSCT). However, while the successive development of new therapies, such as molecular-targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have resulted in remarkable advances, the fact remains that some patients still cannot be saved, and resistance to treatment and relapse are still problems that need to be solved in leukemia patients. The bone marrow (BM) niche is a microenvironment that includes hematopoietic stem cells and their supporting cells. Leukemia cells interact with bone marrow niches and modulate them, not only inducing molecular and functional changes but also switching to niches favored by leukemia cells. The latter are closely associated with leukemia progression, suppression of normal hematopoiesis, and chemotherapy resistance, which is precisely the area of ongoing study. Exosomes play an important role in cell-to-cell communication, not only with cells in close proximity but also with those more distant due to the nature of exosomal circulation via body fluids. In leukemia, exosomes play important roles in leukemogenesis, disease progression, and organ invasion, and their usefulness in the diagnosis and treatment of leukemia has recently been reported. The interaction between leukemia cell-derived exosomes and the BM microenvironment has received particular attention. Their interaction is believed to play a very important role; in addition to their diagnostic value, exosomes could serve as a marker for monitoring treatment efficacy and as an aid in overcoming drug resistance, among the many problems in leukemia patients that have yet to be overcome. In this paper, we will review bone marrow niches in leukemia, findings on leukemia-derived exosomes, and exosome-induced changes in bone marrow niches. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:53:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b480585de7e4b1f8c5b930923d5629b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T00:53:14Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b480585de7e4b1f8c5b930923d5629b2023-12-11T17:00:53ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-02-01224188110.3390/ijms22041881Remodeling of Bone Marrow Niches and Roles of Exosomes in LeukemiaTakanori Yamaguchi0Eiji Kawamoto1Arong Gaowa2Eun Jeong Park3Motomu Shimaoka4Department of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City, Mie 514-8507, JapanDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City, Mie 514-8507, JapanDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City, Mie 514-8507, JapanDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City, Mie 514-8507, JapanDepartment of Molecular Pathobiology and Cell Adhesion Biology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-City, Mie 514-8507, JapanLeukemia is a hematological malignancy that originates from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Significant progress has made in understanding its pathogensis and in establishing chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation therapy (HSCT). However, while the successive development of new therapies, such as molecular-targeted therapy and immunotherapy, have resulted in remarkable advances, the fact remains that some patients still cannot be saved, and resistance to treatment and relapse are still problems that need to be solved in leukemia patients. The bone marrow (BM) niche is a microenvironment that includes hematopoietic stem cells and their supporting cells. Leukemia cells interact with bone marrow niches and modulate them, not only inducing molecular and functional changes but also switching to niches favored by leukemia cells. The latter are closely associated with leukemia progression, suppression of normal hematopoiesis, and chemotherapy resistance, which is precisely the area of ongoing study. Exosomes play an important role in cell-to-cell communication, not only with cells in close proximity but also with those more distant due to the nature of exosomal circulation via body fluids. In leukemia, exosomes play important roles in leukemogenesis, disease progression, and organ invasion, and their usefulness in the diagnosis and treatment of leukemia has recently been reported. The interaction between leukemia cell-derived exosomes and the BM microenvironment has received particular attention. Their interaction is believed to play a very important role; in addition to their diagnostic value, exosomes could serve as a marker for monitoring treatment efficacy and as an aid in overcoming drug resistance, among the many problems in leukemia patients that have yet to be overcome. In this paper, we will review bone marrow niches in leukemia, findings on leukemia-derived exosomes, and exosome-induced changes in bone marrow niches.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/1881leukemiaexosomesbone marrow niches |
| spellingShingle | Takanori Yamaguchi Eiji Kawamoto Arong Gaowa Eun Jeong Park Motomu Shimaoka Remodeling of Bone Marrow Niches and Roles of Exosomes in Leukemia International Journal of Molecular Sciences leukemia exosomes bone marrow niches |
| title | Remodeling of Bone Marrow Niches and Roles of Exosomes in Leukemia |
| title_full | Remodeling of Bone Marrow Niches and Roles of Exosomes in Leukemia |
| title_fullStr | Remodeling of Bone Marrow Niches and Roles of Exosomes in Leukemia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Remodeling of Bone Marrow Niches and Roles of Exosomes in Leukemia |
| title_short | Remodeling of Bone Marrow Niches and Roles of Exosomes in Leukemia |
| title_sort | remodeling of bone marrow niches and roles of exosomes in leukemia |
| topic | leukemia exosomes bone marrow niches |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/4/1881 |
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