Development of human brain neuroimmune system under influence of alcohol
Introduction Exposure to alcohol causes imbalances in neuroimmune function and impaired brain development. Objectives Alcohol activates neuroimmune molecules, expressed and secreted by glial cells in the brain, alter neuronal function and stimulate alcoholic behavior. Methods The study involved w...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Cambridge University Press
2022-06-01
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| Series: | European Psychiatry |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.cambridge.org/core/product/identifier/S0924933822016406/type/journal_article |
| Summary: | Introduction
Exposure to alcohol causes imbalances in neuroimmune function and impaired brain development.
Objectives
Alcohol activates neuroimmune molecules, expressed and secreted by glial cells in the brain, alter neuronal function and stimulate alcoholic behavior.
Methods
The study involved women aged 25-41 years-did not drink alcohol 1 month before and during pregnancy – 1-st group; women with I-II degree of alcoholism 3-13 years – 2-nd group. Embryonic material were obtained 8-15 weeks of igestation. 2-nd group were divided into subgroups. Group Alcohol (A)-alcoholic women,s embrious, included 2 subgroups: A1-embryos 8-9 weeks, A2-10-11 weeks of gestation (n=12). The Control group (K) includ control samples K1-8–9, K2-10-11 weeks (n=14). The analysis of changes in morphometric parameters was used to identify quantitative changes among glioblasts, correlation between the degree of differentiation components and the degree of influence of alcohol. For this, the program AxioVision 4.8 was used Parameters of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors were studied by the radio-receptor assay of [3H]-flunitrazepam with synaptoneurosomes.
Results
Changes in glioblasts tof human brain embryos and fetuses were revealed under conditions of chronic prenatal alcoholization with an increase in gestational age compared to the control subgroups: a significant increase in the average number of glioblasts, the length of the perimeters of the presynaptic terminal, postsynaptic density, presynaptic terminal areas were significantly less (p<0, 01) in the study group than in the control. Exposure to ethanol reduces the affinity of GABAA/benzodiazepine receptors, which affects neuronal plasticity associated with the development of glioblasts and neuroblasts during embryogenesis.
Conclusions
Changes in microglial cause disruption of the neuronal activity
Disclosure
No significant relationships.
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| ISSN: | 0924-9338 1778-3585 |