Diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fish
Abstract Background Biodiversity exists at different levels of organisation: e.g. genetic, individual, population, species, and community. These levels of organisation all exist within the same system, with diversity patterns emerging across organisational scales through several key processes. Despi...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2023-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Biology |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01771-3 |
| _version_ | 1827590327193567232 |
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| author | Thomas Keggin Conor Waldock Alexander Skeels Oskar Hagen Camille Albouy Stéphanie Manel Loïc Pellissier |
| author_facet | Thomas Keggin Conor Waldock Alexander Skeels Oskar Hagen Camille Albouy Stéphanie Manel Loïc Pellissier |
| author_sort | Thomas Keggin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Biodiversity exists at different levels of organisation: e.g. genetic, individual, population, species, and community. These levels of organisation all exist within the same system, with diversity patterns emerging across organisational scales through several key processes. Despite this inherent interconnectivity, observational studies reveal that diversity patterns across levels are not consistent and the underlying mechanisms for variable continuity in diversity across levels remain elusive. To investigate these mechanisms, we apply a spatially explicit simulation model to simulate the global diversification of tropical reef fishes at both the population and species levels through emergent population-level processes. Results We find significant relationships between the population and species levels of diversity which vary depending on both the measure of diversity and the spatial partitioning considered. In turn, these population-species relationships are driven by modelled biological trait parameters, especially the divergence threshold at which populations speciate. Conclusions To explain variation in multi-level diversity patterns, we propose a simple, yet novel, population-to-species diversity partitioning mechanism through speciation which disrupts continuous diversity patterns across organisational levels. We expect that in real-world systems this mechanism is driven by the molecular dynamics that determine genetic incompatibility, and therefore reproductive isolation between individuals. We put forward a framework in which the mechanisms underlying patterns of diversity across organisational levels are universal, and through this show how variable patterns of diversity can emerge through organisational scale. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:15:20Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b53a91405ae4b34922b23d6d73fe84e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1741-7007 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T01:15:20Z |
| publishDate | 2023-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b53a91405ae4b34922b23d6d73fe84e2023-12-10T12:31:37ZengBMCBMC Biology1741-70072023-12-0121111610.1186/s12915-023-01771-3Diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fishThomas Keggin0Conor Waldock1Alexander Skeels2Oskar Hagen3Camille Albouy4Stéphanie Manel5Loïc Pellissier6Ecosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH ZürichDivision of Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of BernEcosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH ZürichEvolution and Adaptation, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-LeipzigEcosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH ZürichCEFE, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, EPHE- PSL UniversityEcosystems and Landscape Evolution, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH ZürichAbstract Background Biodiversity exists at different levels of organisation: e.g. genetic, individual, population, species, and community. These levels of organisation all exist within the same system, with diversity patterns emerging across organisational scales through several key processes. Despite this inherent interconnectivity, observational studies reveal that diversity patterns across levels are not consistent and the underlying mechanisms for variable continuity in diversity across levels remain elusive. To investigate these mechanisms, we apply a spatially explicit simulation model to simulate the global diversification of tropical reef fishes at both the population and species levels through emergent population-level processes. Results We find significant relationships between the population and species levels of diversity which vary depending on both the measure of diversity and the spatial partitioning considered. In turn, these population-species relationships are driven by modelled biological trait parameters, especially the divergence threshold at which populations speciate. Conclusions To explain variation in multi-level diversity patterns, we propose a simple, yet novel, population-to-species diversity partitioning mechanism through speciation which disrupts continuous diversity patterns across organisational levels. We expect that in real-world systems this mechanism is driven by the molecular dynamics that determine genetic incompatibility, and therefore reproductive isolation between individuals. We put forward a framework in which the mechanisms underlying patterns of diversity across organisational levels are universal, and through this show how variable patterns of diversity can emerge through organisational scale.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01771-3Models/simulationsSpecies-genetic diversity correlationsMacroevolutionEcologySpeciationDispersal |
| spellingShingle | Thomas Keggin Conor Waldock Alexander Skeels Oskar Hagen Camille Albouy Stéphanie Manel Loïc Pellissier Diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fish BMC Biology Models/simulations Species-genetic diversity correlations Macroevolution Ecology Speciation Dispersal |
| title | Diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fish |
| title_full | Diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fish |
| title_fullStr | Diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fish |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fish |
| title_short | Diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fish |
| title_sort | diversity across organisational scale emerges through dispersal ability and speciation dynamics in tropical fish |
| topic | Models/simulations Species-genetic diversity correlations Macroevolution Ecology Speciation Dispersal |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12915-023-01771-3 |
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