Sunflower Meal Inclusion Rate and the Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens
The study examined the effect of de-hulled sunflower meal (SFM) inclusion rate and exogenous enzymes (EE) on broilers production performance. A four-feeding phase of pre-starter (1–9 d), grower (10–20 d), finisher (21–28 d) and post-finisher (29–35 d) was used with SFM included as low (BSL) and high...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/253 |
| _version_ | 1797489512041938944 |
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| author | Mbuso Jethro Mbukwane Thobela T. Nkukwana Peter W. Plumstead Natasha Snyman |
| author_facet | Mbuso Jethro Mbukwane Thobela T. Nkukwana Peter W. Plumstead Natasha Snyman |
| author_sort | Mbuso Jethro Mbukwane |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The study examined the effect of de-hulled sunflower meal (SFM) inclusion rate and exogenous enzymes (EE) on broilers production performance. A four-feeding phase of pre-starter (1–9 d), grower (10–20 d), finisher (21–28 d) and post-finisher (29–35 d) was used with SFM included as low (BSL) and high (BSH) in all phases. BLS inclusion was 3% throughout phases and BSH inclusion was 7.5%, 10%, 13% and 13.5% for the 4-phases. Each SFM had a negative control (NC) (BSL− and BSH−) and positive (PC) (BSL+ and BSH+) control with additional 80 kcal Apparent Metabolizable Energy. Enzymes: xylanase (X), xylanase + beta-glucanase (XB), xylanase + beta-glucanase + protease (XBP) and xylanase + amylase + protease (XAP) were added to the NC and PC to give 6 treatments. Pen body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) were determined at 9, 20, 28 and 35 d and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated accordingly. Diets were fed ad libitum to 1920 male Ross 308 broilers. Diet type, enzyme and diet by enzyme interactions were not significantly different amongst treatment diets. During the pre-starter and the grower phase, all studied parameters did not significantly differ from each other. All studied parameters were significantly influenced by enzyme addition and diet-type and enzyme interaction at 35 d except for diet type on FCR. Broilers fed BSH supplemented with XAP recorded the highest BWG (2.69 kg), whereas broiler chickens on BSL and supplemented with XBP recorded the lowest BWG (2.60 kg). SFM can be increased to 13% and 13.5% finisher and post-finisher diets without negatively affecting performance, and X and XAP enzymes can improve BWG of broilers grown to 35 d. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:18:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b550a22d978476690b1aca05397a7a5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2615 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T00:18:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Animals |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b550a22d978476690b1aca05397a7a52023-11-23T15:46:40ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-01-0112325310.3390/ani12030253Sunflower Meal Inclusion Rate and the Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Growth Performance of Broiler ChickensMbuso Jethro Mbukwane0Thobela T. Nkukwana1Peter W. Plumstead2Natasha Snyman3Department Wildlife and Animal Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South AfricaDepartment Wildlife and Animal Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South AfricaChemuniqué (Pty) Ltd., 28 Eagle Lane, Lanseria Business Park, Lanseria 1739, South AfricaChemuniqué (Pty) Ltd., 28 Eagle Lane, Lanseria Business Park, Lanseria 1739, South AfricaThe study examined the effect of de-hulled sunflower meal (SFM) inclusion rate and exogenous enzymes (EE) on broilers production performance. A four-feeding phase of pre-starter (1–9 d), grower (10–20 d), finisher (21–28 d) and post-finisher (29–35 d) was used with SFM included as low (BSL) and high (BSH) in all phases. BLS inclusion was 3% throughout phases and BSH inclusion was 7.5%, 10%, 13% and 13.5% for the 4-phases. Each SFM had a negative control (NC) (BSL− and BSH−) and positive (PC) (BSL+ and BSH+) control with additional 80 kcal Apparent Metabolizable Energy. Enzymes: xylanase (X), xylanase + beta-glucanase (XB), xylanase + beta-glucanase + protease (XBP) and xylanase + amylase + protease (XAP) were added to the NC and PC to give 6 treatments. Pen body weight gain (BWG) and feed intake (FI) were determined at 9, 20, 28 and 35 d and feed conversion ratio (FCR) was calculated accordingly. Diets were fed ad libitum to 1920 male Ross 308 broilers. Diet type, enzyme and diet by enzyme interactions were not significantly different amongst treatment diets. During the pre-starter and the grower phase, all studied parameters did not significantly differ from each other. All studied parameters were significantly influenced by enzyme addition and diet-type and enzyme interaction at 35 d except for diet type on FCR. Broilers fed BSH supplemented with XAP recorded the highest BWG (2.69 kg), whereas broiler chickens on BSL and supplemented with XBP recorded the lowest BWG (2.60 kg). SFM can be increased to 13% and 13.5% finisher and post-finisher diets without negatively affecting performance, and X and XAP enzymes can improve BWG of broilers grown to 35 d.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/253cage effectenzyme supplementationnon-starch polysaccharidesproduction performanceRoss 308 |
| spellingShingle | Mbuso Jethro Mbukwane Thobela T. Nkukwana Peter W. Plumstead Natasha Snyman Sunflower Meal Inclusion Rate and the Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens Animals cage effect enzyme supplementation non-starch polysaccharides production performance Ross 308 |
| title | Sunflower Meal Inclusion Rate and the Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens |
| title_full | Sunflower Meal Inclusion Rate and the Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens |
| title_fullStr | Sunflower Meal Inclusion Rate and the Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sunflower Meal Inclusion Rate and the Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens |
| title_short | Sunflower Meal Inclusion Rate and the Effect of Exogenous Enzymes on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens |
| title_sort | sunflower meal inclusion rate and the effect of exogenous enzymes on growth performance of broiler chickens |
| topic | cage effect enzyme supplementation non-starch polysaccharides production performance Ross 308 |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/3/253 |
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