Allelic Variation and Selection in Effector Genes of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> (Mont.) de Bary
<i>Phytophthora infestans</i> is a devastating plant pathogen in several crops such as potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>), tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) and Andean fruits such as tree tomato (<i>Solanum betaceum</i>), lulo (<i>Solanum quito...
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MDPI AG
2020-07-01
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| Series: | Pathogens |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/7/551 |
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| author | Juan G. Morales Astrid E. Gaviria Elizabeth Gilchrist |
| author_facet | Juan G. Morales Astrid E. Gaviria Elizabeth Gilchrist |
| author_sort | Juan G. Morales |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> is a devastating plant pathogen in several crops such as potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>), tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) and Andean fruits such as tree tomato (<i>Solanum betaceum</i>), lulo (<i>Solanum quitoense</i>), uchuva (<i>Physalis peruviana</i>) and wild species in the genus <i>Solanum</i> sp. Despite intense research performed around the world, <i>P. infestans</i> populations from Colombia, South America, are poorly understood. Of particular importance is knowledge about pathogen effector proteins, which are responsible for virulence. The present work was performed with the objective to analyze gene sequences coding for effector proteins of <i>P. infestans</i> from isolates collected from different hosts and geographical regions. Several genetic parameters, phylogenetic analyses and neutrality tests for non-synonymous and synonymous substitutions were calculated. Non-synonymous substitutions were identified for all genes that exhibited polymorphisms at the DNA level. Significant negative selection values were found for two genes (<i>PITG_08994</i> and <i>PITG_12737</i>) suggesting active coevolution with the corresponding host resistance proteins. Implications for pathogen virulence mechanisms and disease management are discussed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:35:16Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b74a025e13f45b380c805cbdf0cd7e9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-0817 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T18:35:16Z |
| publishDate | 2020-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pathogens |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b74a025e13f45b380c805cbdf0cd7e92023-11-20T06:16:51ZengMDPI AGPathogens2076-08172020-07-019755110.3390/pathogens9070551Allelic Variation and Selection in Effector Genes of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> (Mont.) de BaryJuan G. Morales0Astrid E. Gaviria1Elizabeth Gilchrist2Group and Laboratory of Fitotecnia Tropical, Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Medellín, Medellín, 050034 Antioquia, ColombiaGroup and Laboratory of Fitotecnia Tropical, Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Medellín, Medellín, 050034 Antioquia, ColombiaGroup and Laboratory of Fitotecnia Tropical, Departamento de Ciencias Agronómicas, Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia sede Medellín, Medellín, 050034 Antioquia, Colombia<i>Phytophthora infestans</i> is a devastating plant pathogen in several crops such as potato (<i>Solanum tuberosum</i>), tomato (<i>Solanum lycopersicum</i>) and Andean fruits such as tree tomato (<i>Solanum betaceum</i>), lulo (<i>Solanum quitoense</i>), uchuva (<i>Physalis peruviana</i>) and wild species in the genus <i>Solanum</i> sp. Despite intense research performed around the world, <i>P. infestans</i> populations from Colombia, South America, are poorly understood. Of particular importance is knowledge about pathogen effector proteins, which are responsible for virulence. The present work was performed with the objective to analyze gene sequences coding for effector proteins of <i>P. infestans</i> from isolates collected from different hosts and geographical regions. Several genetic parameters, phylogenetic analyses and neutrality tests for non-synonymous and synonymous substitutions were calculated. Non-synonymous substitutions were identified for all genes that exhibited polymorphisms at the DNA level. Significant negative selection values were found for two genes (<i>PITG_08994</i> and <i>PITG_12737</i>) suggesting active coevolution with the corresponding host resistance proteins. Implications for pathogen virulence mechanisms and disease management are discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/7/551<i>Phytophthora infestans</i> sensu lato<i>Solanum</i> spp.wild hostsevolutive selectioneffector proteins |
| spellingShingle | Juan G. Morales Astrid E. Gaviria Elizabeth Gilchrist Allelic Variation and Selection in Effector Genes of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> (Mont.) de Bary Pathogens <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> sensu lato <i>Solanum</i> spp. wild hosts evolutive selection effector proteins |
| title | Allelic Variation and Selection in Effector Genes of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> (Mont.) de Bary |
| title_full | Allelic Variation and Selection in Effector Genes of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> (Mont.) de Bary |
| title_fullStr | Allelic Variation and Selection in Effector Genes of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> (Mont.) de Bary |
| title_full_unstemmed | Allelic Variation and Selection in Effector Genes of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> (Mont.) de Bary |
| title_short | Allelic Variation and Selection in Effector Genes of <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> (Mont.) de Bary |
| title_sort | allelic variation and selection in effector genes of i phytophthora infestans i mont de bary |
| topic | <i>Phytophthora infestans</i> sensu lato <i>Solanum</i> spp. wild hosts evolutive selection effector proteins |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-0817/9/7/551 |
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