Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia
Molla Tadesse,1 Yohanes Hailu,2 Sirak Biset,3 Getachew Ferede,3 Baye Gelaw3 1Department of Medical Microbiology, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Medical Microbiology, School...
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| Language: | English |
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Dove Medical Press
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Infection and Drug Resistance |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-antibiotic-susceptibility-profile-and-associated-factors-of-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
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| author | Tadesse M Hailu Y Biset S Ferede G Gelaw B |
| author_facet | Tadesse M Hailu Y Biset S Ferede G Gelaw B |
| author_sort | Tadesse M |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Molla Tadesse,1 Yohanes Hailu,2 Sirak Biset,3 Getachew Ferede,3 Baye Gelaw3 1Department of Medical Microbiology, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Medical Microbiology, School of BioMedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Sirak Biset, Tel +251-911-598-568, Email serbis33@gmail.comBackground: Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) or group A streptococcus is a common cause of bacterial pharyngitis in children. Since it is difficult to distinguish between viral and bacterial pharyngitis using solely signs and symptoms, culture-based diagnosis and treatment are critical for avoiding serious complications. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and associated factors of S. pyogenes among pediatric patients with acute pharyngitis.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from April to June 2021. Standard microbiological procedures were used to collect and process throat swabs and to isolate and identify S. pyogenes. The disc diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST).Results: A total of 215 children with acute pharyngitis were included in this study. Of these, 23 (10.7%) were culture positive for S. pyogenes. The presence of an inflamed tonsil, tonsillar exudate, scalariform rash, and dysphagia were associated with streptococcal pharyngitis. Children aged 5 to 15 were more susceptible to streptococcal throat infection than younger children. Penicillin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and ceftriaxone were effective against 100%, 95.7%, 95.7%, 91%, and 87% of isolates, respectively. In contrast, 56.5%, 39.1%, and 30.4% of isolates showed at least reduced susceptibility to tetracycline, erythromycin, and azithromycin, respectively.Conclusion: Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for 10.7% of acute pharyngitis cases among pediatric patients in the study area. Although all isolates remain sensitive to penicillin, many showed reduced susceptibility to tetracycline and macrolides. Therefore, prior to antibiotic prescription, screening children with acute pharyngitis for S. pyogenes and testing the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates is recommended.Keywords: bacterial pharyngitis, S. pyogenes, group A streptococcus, antibiotic resistance, Ethiopia |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:00:29Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b8600a3056c4395ae5c794be0cabb93 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-6973 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-09T22:00:29Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Infection and Drug Resistance |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b8600a3056c4395ae5c794be0cabb932023-03-23T18:06:52ZengDove Medical PressInfection and Drug Resistance1178-69732023-03-01Volume 161637164882459Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest EthiopiaTadesse MHailu YBiset SFerede GGelaw BMolla Tadesse,1 Yohanes Hailu,2 Sirak Biset,3 Getachew Ferede,3 Baye Gelaw3 1Department of Medical Microbiology, Jigjiga University, Jigjiga, Ethiopia; 2Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, School of Medicine, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Medical Microbiology, School of BioMedical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Sirak Biset, Tel +251-911-598-568, Email serbis33@gmail.comBackground: Streptococcus pyogenes (S. pyogenes) or group A streptococcus is a common cause of bacterial pharyngitis in children. Since it is difficult to distinguish between viral and bacterial pharyngitis using solely signs and symptoms, culture-based diagnosis and treatment are critical for avoiding serious complications. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, and associated factors of S. pyogenes among pediatric patients with acute pharyngitis.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from April to June 2021. Standard microbiological procedures were used to collect and process throat swabs and to isolate and identify S. pyogenes. The disc diffusion method was used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST).Results: A total of 215 children with acute pharyngitis were included in this study. Of these, 23 (10.7%) were culture positive for S. pyogenes. The presence of an inflamed tonsil, tonsillar exudate, scalariform rash, and dysphagia were associated with streptococcal pharyngitis. Children aged 5 to 15 were more susceptible to streptococcal throat infection than younger children. Penicillin, vancomycin, chloramphenicol, clindamycin, and ceftriaxone were effective against 100%, 95.7%, 95.7%, 91%, and 87% of isolates, respectively. In contrast, 56.5%, 39.1%, and 30.4% of isolates showed at least reduced susceptibility to tetracycline, erythromycin, and azithromycin, respectively.Conclusion: Streptococcus pyogenes is responsible for 10.7% of acute pharyngitis cases among pediatric patients in the study area. Although all isolates remain sensitive to penicillin, many showed reduced susceptibility to tetracycline and macrolides. Therefore, prior to antibiotic prescription, screening children with acute pharyngitis for S. pyogenes and testing the antibiotic susceptibility of isolates is recommended.Keywords: bacterial pharyngitis, S. pyogenes, group A streptococcus, antibiotic resistance, Ethiopiahttps://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-antibiotic-susceptibility-profile-and-associated-factors-of-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDRbacterial pharyngitiss. pyogenesgroup a streptococcusantibiotic resistanceethiopia |
| spellingShingle | Tadesse M Hailu Y Biset S Ferede G Gelaw B Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia Infection and Drug Resistance bacterial pharyngitis s. pyogenes group a streptococcus antibiotic resistance ethiopia |
| title | Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_full | Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_fullStr | Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_short | Prevalence, Antibiotic Susceptibility Profile and Associated Factors of Group A Streptococcal pharyngitis Among Pediatric Patients with Acute Pharyngitis in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia |
| title_sort | prevalence antibiotic susceptibility profile and associated factors of group a streptococcal pharyngitis among pediatric patients with acute pharyngitis in gondar northwest ethiopia |
| topic | bacterial pharyngitis s. pyogenes group a streptococcus antibiotic resistance ethiopia |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/prevalence-antibiotic-susceptibility-profile-and-associated-factors-of-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IDR |
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