Outcrops as windows to petroleum systems: Insights from the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria
The study assessed petroleum systems in the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria, focusing on the Cretaceous sediments. Reservoirs comprise Lokoja and Patti Formation sandstones, while shales, claystone, and siltstone serve as source rocks and stratigraphic traps/seals. Detailed studies delineating the key...
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Published: |
KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2024-07-01
|
Series: | Energy Geoscience |
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266675922400009X |
_version_ | 1797260324906205184 |
---|---|
author | Godwin Okumagbe Aigbadon Felix Iwebunor Chinyem Tope Shade Alege Brume Overare Obinna Chigoziem Akakuru Ikenna Arisi Obasi Ernest Orji Akudo Azuka Ocheli Jeremiah Ayok Onimisi Abdullateef Jimoh Elesius Okey Akpunonu Mu'awiya Baba Aminu Bashir Ozovehe Aminu |
author_facet | Godwin Okumagbe Aigbadon Felix Iwebunor Chinyem Tope Shade Alege Brume Overare Obinna Chigoziem Akakuru Ikenna Arisi Obasi Ernest Orji Akudo Azuka Ocheli Jeremiah Ayok Onimisi Abdullateef Jimoh Elesius Okey Akpunonu Mu'awiya Baba Aminu Bashir Ozovehe Aminu |
author_sort | Godwin Okumagbe Aigbadon |
collection | DOAJ |
description | The study assessed petroleum systems in the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria, focusing on the Cretaceous sediments. Reservoirs comprise Lokoja and Patti Formation sandstones, while shales, claystone, and siltstone serve as source rocks and stratigraphic traps/seals. Detailed studies delineating the key elements of the petroleum systems in the basin have not been conducted due to a lack of subsurface data. The goal of the current study was to use field observations, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and geochemical and geomechanical data to evaluate key components of petroleum systems in the southern Bida Basin. The results presented in this investigation are intended to attain specific objectives, especially those lacking in the basin's study sections. Petrophysical analysis revealed that the Lokoja Sandstone has porosity of 37%–39.5% and moderate permeability of 23.22–42.29 mD. The Patti Formation sandstone reservoirs exhibited high porosity (38%–42%) and moderate to good permeability (31.54–66.48 mD), suggesting good potential reservoirs. SEM results revealed intragranular pores and micro-fractures in the Patti Shale, whereas the sandstone reservoirs in the Lokoja and Patti formations displayed fractures, facilitating hydrocarbon migration. Quartz was the dominant mineral in the sandstone units of both formations. XRD analysis revealed that brittle and clay minerals influenced the microstructure of Patti Shale. Geochemical analysis indicated promising petroleum potential in the Patti Shale, with a total organic carbon (TOC) content of 1.87 wt%, free hydrocarbon from kerogen (S1) of 0.41 mg/g, hydrogen index (HI) of 0.75 mg HC/g TOC, and production index (PI) of 0.17. The Patti and Lokoja formations' shale, claystone, and siltstone exhibited sealing potential, with a plasticity index of 24–35 and coefficient permeability of 2.8 × 10−4- 3.6 × 10−4 cm/s. Field studies, XRD, geochemical data, and geomechanical index values have confirmed the key components of the petroleum system, which in turn facilitate hydrocarbon generation, migration, accumulation, and entrapment in the basin. |
first_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:23:31Z |
format | Article |
id | doaj.art-1b97f7813c66481ab9a9333ba4688883 |
institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
issn | 2666-7592 |
language | English |
last_indexed | 2024-04-24T23:23:31Z |
publishDate | 2024-07-01 |
publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
record_format | Article |
series | Energy Geoscience |
spelling | doaj.art-1b97f7813c66481ab9a9333ba46888832024-03-16T05:09:23ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Energy Geoscience2666-75922024-07-0153100294Outcrops as windows to petroleum systems: Insights from the southern Bida Basin, NigeriaGodwin Okumagbe Aigbadon0Felix Iwebunor Chinyem1Tope Shade Alege2Brume Overare3Obinna Chigoziem Akakuru4Ikenna Arisi Obasi5Ernest Orji Akudo6Azuka Ocheli7Jeremiah Ayok8Onimisi Abdullateef Jimoh9Elesius Okey Akpunonu10Mu'awiya Baba Aminu11Bashir Ozovehe Aminu12Department of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria; Corresponding author.Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, NigeriaDepartment of Earth Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Canada; Department of Earth Sciences, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, School of Physical Sciences, Federal University of Technology, Owerri, Imo State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, Faculty of Sciences, Federal University Lokoja, Kogi State, NigeriaDepartment of Geology, University of Ilorin, Kwara State, NigeriaThe study assessed petroleum systems in the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria, focusing on the Cretaceous sediments. Reservoirs comprise Lokoja and Patti Formation sandstones, while shales, claystone, and siltstone serve as source rocks and stratigraphic traps/seals. Detailed studies delineating the key elements of the petroleum systems in the basin have not been conducted due to a lack of subsurface data. The goal of the current study was to use field observations, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and geochemical and geomechanical data to evaluate key components of petroleum systems in the southern Bida Basin. The results presented in this investigation are intended to attain specific objectives, especially those lacking in the basin's study sections. Petrophysical analysis revealed that the Lokoja Sandstone has porosity of 37%–39.5% and moderate permeability of 23.22–42.29 mD. The Patti Formation sandstone reservoirs exhibited high porosity (38%–42%) and moderate to good permeability (31.54–66.48 mD), suggesting good potential reservoirs. SEM results revealed intragranular pores and micro-fractures in the Patti Shale, whereas the sandstone reservoirs in the Lokoja and Patti formations displayed fractures, facilitating hydrocarbon migration. Quartz was the dominant mineral in the sandstone units of both formations. XRD analysis revealed that brittle and clay minerals influenced the microstructure of Patti Shale. Geochemical analysis indicated promising petroleum potential in the Patti Shale, with a total organic carbon (TOC) content of 1.87 wt%, free hydrocarbon from kerogen (S1) of 0.41 mg/g, hydrogen index (HI) of 0.75 mg HC/g TOC, and production index (PI) of 0.17. The Patti and Lokoja formations' shale, claystone, and siltstone exhibited sealing potential, with a plasticity index of 24–35 and coefficient permeability of 2.8 × 10−4- 3.6 × 10−4 cm/s. Field studies, XRD, geochemical data, and geomechanical index values have confirmed the key components of the petroleum system, which in turn facilitate hydrocarbon generation, migration, accumulation, and entrapment in the basin.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266675922400009XGeochemical analysisPlasticity indexSource rockReservoir rockStratigraphic trapBida Basin |
spellingShingle | Godwin Okumagbe Aigbadon Felix Iwebunor Chinyem Tope Shade Alege Brume Overare Obinna Chigoziem Akakuru Ikenna Arisi Obasi Ernest Orji Akudo Azuka Ocheli Jeremiah Ayok Onimisi Abdullateef Jimoh Elesius Okey Akpunonu Mu'awiya Baba Aminu Bashir Ozovehe Aminu Outcrops as windows to petroleum systems: Insights from the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria Energy Geoscience Geochemical analysis Plasticity index Source rock Reservoir rock Stratigraphic trap Bida Basin |
title | Outcrops as windows to petroleum systems: Insights from the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria |
title_full | Outcrops as windows to petroleum systems: Insights from the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria |
title_fullStr | Outcrops as windows to petroleum systems: Insights from the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria |
title_full_unstemmed | Outcrops as windows to petroleum systems: Insights from the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria |
title_short | Outcrops as windows to petroleum systems: Insights from the southern Bida Basin, Nigeria |
title_sort | outcrops as windows to petroleum systems insights from the southern bida basin nigeria |
topic | Geochemical analysis Plasticity index Source rock Reservoir rock Stratigraphic trap Bida Basin |
url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S266675922400009X |
work_keys_str_mv | AT godwinokumagbeaigbadon outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT felixiwebunorchinyem outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT topeshadealege outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT brumeoverare outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT obinnachigoziemakakuru outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT ikennaarisiobasi outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT ernestorjiakudo outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT azukaocheli outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT jeremiahayok outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT onimisiabdullateefjimoh outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT elesiusokeyakpunonu outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT muawiyababaaminu outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria AT bashirozoveheaminu outcropsaswindowstopetroleumsystemsinsightsfromthesouthernbidabasinnigeria |