Foliar Application of Chitosan and Phosphorus Alleviate the <i>Potato virus Y</i>-Induced Resistance by Modulation of the Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Defense System Activity and Gene Expression in Potato
Viruses pose a serious threat to the sustainable production of economically important crops around the world. In the past 20 years, <i>potato virus Y</i> (PVY) emerged as a relatively new and very serious problem in potatoes, even though it is the oldest known plant virus. Multiple strai...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-12-01
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| Series: | Agronomy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3064 |
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| author | Alshymaa Z. Al-Mokadem Abd El-Aleem M. Alnaggar Ahmed G. Mancy Ahmed R. Sofy Mahmoud R. Sofy Abdel Kareem S. H. Mohamed Mostafa M. A. Abou Ghazala Khaled M. El-Zabalawy Noura F. G. Salem Mohamed E. Elnosary Mona S. Agha |
| author_facet | Alshymaa Z. Al-Mokadem Abd El-Aleem M. Alnaggar Ahmed G. Mancy Ahmed R. Sofy Mahmoud R. Sofy Abdel Kareem S. H. Mohamed Mostafa M. A. Abou Ghazala Khaled M. El-Zabalawy Noura F. G. Salem Mohamed E. Elnosary Mona S. Agha |
| author_sort | Alshymaa Z. Al-Mokadem |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Viruses pose a serious threat to the sustainable production of economically important crops around the world. In the past 20 years, <i>potato virus Y</i> (PVY) emerged as a relatively new and very serious problem in potatoes, even though it is the oldest known plant virus. Multiple strains of the virus cause various symptoms on the leaves and tubers of potatoes, resulting in yield reduction and poor-quality tubers. Consequently, it would be very interesting to learn what causes systemic PVY resistance in plants. Natural compounds such as chitosan (CHT) and phosphorus have been developed as alternatives to chemical pesticides to manage crop diseases in recent years. In the current study, potato leaves were foliar-sprayed with chitosan and phosphorus to assess their ability to induce PVY resistance. Compared to untreated plants, the findings demonstrated a significant decrease in disease severity and PVY accumulation in plants for which CHT and P were applied. Every treatment includes significantly increased growth parameters, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, osmoprotectants (glycine betaine, proline, and soluble sugar), non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione, phenols, and ascorbic acid), enzymatic antioxidants (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, lipoxygenase, glutathione reductase, catalase, β-1,3 glucanase, and ascorbate peroxidase), phytohormones (gibberellic acid, indole acetic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid), and mineral content (phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium), compared to infected plants. However, compared to PVY infection values, CHT and P treatments showed a significant decrease in malondialdehyde, DPPH, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub>, OH, and abscisic acid levels. In addition, increased expression levels of some regulatory defense genes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX), relative pathogenesis-related 1 basic (PR-1b), and relative phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), were found in all treated plants, compared to PVY-infected plants. Conclusion: Phosphorus is the most effective treatment for alleviating virus infections. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:25:41Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1b9bd5b5dd34402cafc4278ada92437f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4395 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T17:25:41Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
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| record_format | Article |
| series | Agronomy |
| spelling | doaj.art-1b9bd5b5dd34402cafc4278ada92437f2023-11-24T12:45:51ZengMDPI AGAgronomy2073-43952022-12-011212306410.3390/agronomy12123064Foliar Application of Chitosan and Phosphorus Alleviate the <i>Potato virus Y</i>-Induced Resistance by Modulation of the Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Defense System Activity and Gene Expression in PotatoAlshymaa Z. Al-Mokadem0Abd El-Aleem M. Alnaggar1Ahmed G. Mancy2Ahmed R. Sofy3Mahmoud R. Sofy4Abdel Kareem S. H. Mohamed5Mostafa M. A. Abou Ghazala6Khaled M. El-Zabalawy7Noura F. G. Salem8Mohamed E. Elnosary9Mona S. Agha10Botany Department, Women’s College, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, EgyptAgriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptSoil and Water Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptDepartment of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Assiut Branch, Assiut 71524, EgyptAgriculture Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptEnvironment and Bio-Agriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptBotany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11884, EgyptBotany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, EgyptViruses pose a serious threat to the sustainable production of economically important crops around the world. In the past 20 years, <i>potato virus Y</i> (PVY) emerged as a relatively new and very serious problem in potatoes, even though it is the oldest known plant virus. Multiple strains of the virus cause various symptoms on the leaves and tubers of potatoes, resulting in yield reduction and poor-quality tubers. Consequently, it would be very interesting to learn what causes systemic PVY resistance in plants. Natural compounds such as chitosan (CHT) and phosphorus have been developed as alternatives to chemical pesticides to manage crop diseases in recent years. In the current study, potato leaves were foliar-sprayed with chitosan and phosphorus to assess their ability to induce PVY resistance. Compared to untreated plants, the findings demonstrated a significant decrease in disease severity and PVY accumulation in plants for which CHT and P were applied. Every treatment includes significantly increased growth parameters, chlorophyll content, photosynthetic characteristics, osmoprotectants (glycine betaine, proline, and soluble sugar), non-enzymatic antioxidants (glutathione, phenols, and ascorbic acid), enzymatic antioxidants (peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, lipoxygenase, glutathione reductase, catalase, β-1,3 glucanase, and ascorbate peroxidase), phytohormones (gibberellic acid, indole acetic acid, jasmonic acid, and salicylic acid), and mineral content (phosphorus, nitrogen, and potassium), compared to infected plants. However, compared to PVY infection values, CHT and P treatments showed a significant decrease in malondialdehyde, DPPH, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, O<sub>2</sub>, OH, and abscisic acid levels. In addition, increased expression levels of some regulatory defense genes, including superoxide dismutase (SOD), ascorbic acid peroxidase (APX), relative pathogenesis-related 1 basic (PR-1b), and relative phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL), were found in all treated plants, compared to PVY-infected plants. Conclusion: Phosphorus is the most effective treatment for alleviating virus infections.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3064plant virus disease<i>Potato virus Y</i>systemic acquired resistanceosmoprotectiveoxidative stress |
| spellingShingle | Alshymaa Z. Al-Mokadem Abd El-Aleem M. Alnaggar Ahmed G. Mancy Ahmed R. Sofy Mahmoud R. Sofy Abdel Kareem S. H. Mohamed Mostafa M. A. Abou Ghazala Khaled M. El-Zabalawy Noura F. G. Salem Mohamed E. Elnosary Mona S. Agha Foliar Application of Chitosan and Phosphorus Alleviate the <i>Potato virus Y</i>-Induced Resistance by Modulation of the Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Defense System Activity and Gene Expression in Potato Agronomy plant virus disease <i>Potato virus Y</i> systemic acquired resistance osmoprotective oxidative stress |
| title | Foliar Application of Chitosan and Phosphorus Alleviate the <i>Potato virus Y</i>-Induced Resistance by Modulation of the Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Defense System Activity and Gene Expression in Potato |
| title_full | Foliar Application of Chitosan and Phosphorus Alleviate the <i>Potato virus Y</i>-Induced Resistance by Modulation of the Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Defense System Activity and Gene Expression in Potato |
| title_fullStr | Foliar Application of Chitosan and Phosphorus Alleviate the <i>Potato virus Y</i>-Induced Resistance by Modulation of the Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Defense System Activity and Gene Expression in Potato |
| title_full_unstemmed | Foliar Application of Chitosan and Phosphorus Alleviate the <i>Potato virus Y</i>-Induced Resistance by Modulation of the Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Defense System Activity and Gene Expression in Potato |
| title_short | Foliar Application of Chitosan and Phosphorus Alleviate the <i>Potato virus Y</i>-Induced Resistance by Modulation of the Reactive Oxygen Species, Antioxidant Defense System Activity and Gene Expression in Potato |
| title_sort | foliar application of chitosan and phosphorus alleviate the i potato virus y i induced resistance by modulation of the reactive oxygen species antioxidant defense system activity and gene expression in potato |
| topic | plant virus disease <i>Potato virus Y</i> systemic acquired resistance osmoprotective oxidative stress |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4395/12/12/3064 |
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