On the Efficacy of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden Water
Harmful algal blooms in coastal areas can significantly impact a water source. Microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and associated pathogenic bacteria may endanger an ecosystem and human health by causing significant eco-hazards. This study assesses the efficacy of two different reagents, H<sub&g...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/735 |
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| author | Javier Moreno-Andrés Ignacio Rivas-Zaballos Asunción Acevedo-Merino Enrique Nebot |
| author_facet | Javier Moreno-Andrés Ignacio Rivas-Zaballos Asunción Acevedo-Merino Enrique Nebot |
| author_sort | Javier Moreno-Andrés |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Harmful algal blooms in coastal areas can significantly impact a water source. Microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and associated pathogenic bacteria may endanger an ecosystem and human health by causing significant eco-hazards. This study assesses the efficacy of two different reagents, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup>, as (pre-)treatment options for algae-laden waters. <i>Anabaena</i> sp. and <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> have been selected as target microorganisms. With the objective of activating H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup>, additional experiments have been performed with the presence of small amounts of iron (18 µmol/L). For the cyanobacterial case, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-based processes demonstrate greater efficiency over that of S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup>, as <i>Anabaena</i> sp. is particularly affected by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, for which >90% of growth inhibition has been achieved with 0.088 mmol/L of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (at 72 h of exposure). The response of <i>Anabaena</i> sp. as a co-culture with <i>V. alginolyticus</i> implies the use of major H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> amounts for its inactivation (0.29 mmol/L of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), while the effects of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/Fe(II) suggests an improvement of ~60% compared to single H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. These H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> doses are not sufficient for preventing the regrowth of <i>V. alginolyticus</i> after 24 h. The effects of S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> (+ Fe(II)) are moderate, reaching maximum inhibition growth of ~50% for <i>Anabaena</i> sp. at seven days of exposure. Nevertheless, doses of 3 mmol/L of S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> can prevent the regrowth of <i>V. alginolyticus</i>. These findings have implications for the mitigation of HABs but also for the associated bacteria that threaten many coastal ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:16:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1ba0833b82d646638ee75b69c2bcb227 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:16:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
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| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-1ba0833b82d646638ee75b69c2bcb2272023-11-30T21:35:04ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072022-03-0110473510.3390/microorganisms10040735On the Efficacy of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden WaterJavier Moreno-Andrés0Ignacio Rivas-Zaballos1Asunción Acevedo-Merino2Enrique Nebot3Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR—Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR—International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainDepartment of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR—Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR—International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainDepartment of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR—Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR—International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainDepartment of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR—Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR—International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, SpainHarmful algal blooms in coastal areas can significantly impact a water source. Microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and associated pathogenic bacteria may endanger an ecosystem and human health by causing significant eco-hazards. This study assesses the efficacy of two different reagents, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> and S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup>, as (pre-)treatment options for algae-laden waters. <i>Anabaena</i> sp. and <i>Vibrio alginolyticus</i> have been selected as target microorganisms. With the objective of activating H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup>, additional experiments have been performed with the presence of small amounts of iron (18 µmol/L). For the cyanobacterial case, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>-based processes demonstrate greater efficiency over that of S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup>, as <i>Anabaena</i> sp. is particularly affected by H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, for which >90% of growth inhibition has been achieved with 0.088 mmol/L of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (at 72 h of exposure). The response of <i>Anabaena</i> sp. as a co-culture with <i>V. alginolyticus</i> implies the use of major H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> amounts for its inactivation (0.29 mmol/L of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>), while the effects of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/Fe(II) suggests an improvement of ~60% compared to single H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. These H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> doses are not sufficient for preventing the regrowth of <i>V. alginolyticus</i> after 24 h. The effects of S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> (+ Fe(II)) are moderate, reaching maximum inhibition growth of ~50% for <i>Anabaena</i> sp. at seven days of exposure. Nevertheless, doses of 3 mmol/L of S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> can prevent the regrowth of <i>V. alginolyticus</i>. These findings have implications for the mitigation of HABs but also for the associated bacteria that threaten many coastal ecosystems.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/735harmful algal bloomhydrogen peroxidepersulfatefentoncyanobacteriamarine bacteria |
| spellingShingle | Javier Moreno-Andrés Ignacio Rivas-Zaballos Asunción Acevedo-Merino Enrique Nebot On the Efficacy of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden Water Microorganisms harmful algal bloom hydrogen peroxide persulfate fenton cyanobacteria marine bacteria |
| title | On the Efficacy of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden Water |
| title_full | On the Efficacy of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden Water |
| title_fullStr | On the Efficacy of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden Water |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the Efficacy of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden Water |
| title_short | On the Efficacy of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub> or S<sub>2</sub>O<sub>8</sub><sup>2−</sup> at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden Water |
| title_sort | on the efficacy of h sub 2 sub o sub 2 sub or s sub 2 sub o sub 8 sub sup 2 sup at promoting the inactivation of a consortium of cyanobacteria and bacteria in algae laden water |
| topic | harmful algal bloom hydrogen peroxide persulfate fenton cyanobacteria marine bacteria |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/10/4/735 |
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