Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Protocol Based on Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide-Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Epirubicin in Biological Matrices
Due to epirubicin’s (EPI) narrow therapeutic index and risk of cardiotoxicity, it is critical to monitor concentrations of this drug when being used to treat cancer patients. In this study, a simple and fast magnetic solid-phase microextraction (MSPME) protocol for the determination of EPI in plasma...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Pharmaceutics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/4/1227 |
| _version_ | 1797603859421462528 |
|---|---|
| author | Natalia Treder Natalia Szuszczewicz Anna Roszkowska Ilona Olędzka Tomasz Bączek Ewa Bień Małgorzata Anna Krawczyk Alina Plenis |
| author_facet | Natalia Treder Natalia Szuszczewicz Anna Roszkowska Ilona Olędzka Tomasz Bączek Ewa Bień Małgorzata Anna Krawczyk Alina Plenis |
| author_sort | Natalia Treder |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Due to epirubicin’s (EPI) narrow therapeutic index and risk of cardiotoxicity, it is critical to monitor concentrations of this drug when being used to treat cancer patients. In this study, a simple and fast magnetic solid-phase microextraction (MSPME) protocol for the determination of EPI in plasma and urine samples is developed and tested. Experiments were performed using prepared Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based nanoparticles coated with silica and a double-chain surfactant—namely, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB)—as a magnetic sorbent. All the prepared samples were analyzed via liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (LC-FL). The validation parameters indicated good linearity in the range of 0.001–1 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient > 0.9996 for plasma samples, and in the range of 0.001–10 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient > 0.9997 for urine samples. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for both matrices were estimated at 0.0005 µg/mL and 0.001 µg/mL, respectively. The analyte recovery after sample pretreatment was 80 ± 5% for the plasma samples and 90 ± 3% for the urine samples. The developed method’s applicability for monitoring EPI concentrations was evaluated by employing it to analyze real plasma and urine samples collected from a pediatric cancer patient. The obtained results confirmed the proposed MSPME-based method’s usefulness, and enabled the determination of the EPI concentration–time profile in the studied patient. The miniaturization of the sampling procedure, along with the significant reduction in pre-treatment steps, make the proposed protocol a promising alternative to routine approaches to monitoring EPI levels in clinical laboratories. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1bab989e000146b79ebc3dd42ac7ad8b |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1999-4923 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:37:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Pharmaceutics |
| spelling | doaj.art-1bab989e000146b79ebc3dd42ac7ad8b2023-11-17T20:54:32ZengMDPI AGPharmaceutics1999-49232023-04-01154122710.3390/pharmaceutics15041227Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Protocol Based on Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide-Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Epirubicin in Biological MatricesNatalia Treder0Natalia Szuszczewicz1Anna Roszkowska2Ilona Olędzka3Tomasz Bączek4Ewa Bień5Małgorzata Anna Krawczyk6Alina Plenis7Department of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Pediatrics, Hematology and Oncology, Medical University Gdansk, 80-211 Gdansk, PolandDepartment of Analytical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416 Gdansk, PolandDue to epirubicin’s (EPI) narrow therapeutic index and risk of cardiotoxicity, it is critical to monitor concentrations of this drug when being used to treat cancer patients. In this study, a simple and fast magnetic solid-phase microextraction (MSPME) protocol for the determination of EPI in plasma and urine samples is developed and tested. Experiments were performed using prepared Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>-based nanoparticles coated with silica and a double-chain surfactant—namely, didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB)—as a magnetic sorbent. All the prepared samples were analyzed via liquid chromatography coupled with fluorescence detection (LC-FL). The validation parameters indicated good linearity in the range of 0.001–1 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient > 0.9996 for plasma samples, and in the range of 0.001–10 µg/mL with a correlation coefficient > 0.9997 for urine samples. The limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) for both matrices were estimated at 0.0005 µg/mL and 0.001 µg/mL, respectively. The analyte recovery after sample pretreatment was 80 ± 5% for the plasma samples and 90 ± 3% for the urine samples. The developed method’s applicability for monitoring EPI concentrations was evaluated by employing it to analyze real plasma and urine samples collected from a pediatric cancer patient. The obtained results confirmed the proposed MSPME-based method’s usefulness, and enabled the determination of the EPI concentration–time profile in the studied patient. The miniaturization of the sampling procedure, along with the significant reduction in pre-treatment steps, make the proposed protocol a promising alternative to routine approaches to monitoring EPI levels in clinical laboratories.https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/4/1227epirubicinmagnetic solid-phase microextractionnanoparticlesvalidationdrug monitoring |
| spellingShingle | Natalia Treder Natalia Szuszczewicz Anna Roszkowska Ilona Olędzka Tomasz Bączek Ewa Bień Małgorzata Anna Krawczyk Alina Plenis Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Protocol Based on Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide-Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Epirubicin in Biological Matrices Pharmaceutics epirubicin magnetic solid-phase microextraction nanoparticles validation drug monitoring |
| title | Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Protocol Based on Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide-Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Epirubicin in Biological Matrices |
| title_full | Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Protocol Based on Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide-Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Epirubicin in Biological Matrices |
| title_fullStr | Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Protocol Based on Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide-Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Epirubicin in Biological Matrices |
| title_full_unstemmed | Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Protocol Based on Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide-Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Epirubicin in Biological Matrices |
| title_short | Magnetic Solid-Phase Microextraction Protocol Based on Didodecyldimethylammonium Bromide-Functionalized Nanoparticles for the Quantification of Epirubicin in Biological Matrices |
| title_sort | magnetic solid phase microextraction protocol based on didodecyldimethylammonium bromide functionalized nanoparticles for the quantification of epirubicin in biological matrices |
| topic | epirubicin magnetic solid-phase microextraction nanoparticles validation drug monitoring |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4923/15/4/1227 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT nataliatreder magneticsolidphasemicroextractionprotocolbasedondidodecyldimethylammoniumbromidefunctionalizednanoparticlesforthequantificationofepirubicininbiologicalmatrices AT nataliaszuszczewicz magneticsolidphasemicroextractionprotocolbasedondidodecyldimethylammoniumbromidefunctionalizednanoparticlesforthequantificationofepirubicininbiologicalmatrices AT annaroszkowska magneticsolidphasemicroextractionprotocolbasedondidodecyldimethylammoniumbromidefunctionalizednanoparticlesforthequantificationofepirubicininbiologicalmatrices AT ilonaoledzka magneticsolidphasemicroextractionprotocolbasedondidodecyldimethylammoniumbromidefunctionalizednanoparticlesforthequantificationofepirubicininbiologicalmatrices AT tomaszbaczek magneticsolidphasemicroextractionprotocolbasedondidodecyldimethylammoniumbromidefunctionalizednanoparticlesforthequantificationofepirubicininbiologicalmatrices AT ewabien magneticsolidphasemicroextractionprotocolbasedondidodecyldimethylammoniumbromidefunctionalizednanoparticlesforthequantificationofepirubicininbiologicalmatrices AT małgorzataannakrawczyk magneticsolidphasemicroextractionprotocolbasedondidodecyldimethylammoniumbromidefunctionalizednanoparticlesforthequantificationofepirubicininbiologicalmatrices AT alinaplenis magneticsolidphasemicroextractionprotocolbasedondidodecyldimethylammoniumbromidefunctionalizednanoparticlesforthequantificationofepirubicininbiologicalmatrices |