Methylene Blue–Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Clinical Isolates of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in Thailand, An In Vitro Study
Background/PurposeSome multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria as a global threat have been recently prioritized for research and development of new treatments. We studied the efficacy of methylene blue–mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (MB-aPDT) for the reduction of extensively drug-re...
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| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.929242/full |
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| author | Chankiat Songsantiphap Jakapat Vanichanan Tanittha Chatsuwan Tanittha Chatsuwan Pravit Asawanonda Einapak Boontaveeyuwat |
| author_facet | Chankiat Songsantiphap Jakapat Vanichanan Tanittha Chatsuwan Tanittha Chatsuwan Pravit Asawanonda Einapak Boontaveeyuwat |
| author_sort | Chankiat Songsantiphap |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Background/PurposeSome multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria as a global threat have been recently prioritized for research and development of new treatments. We studied the efficacy of methylene blue–mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (MB-aPDT) for the reduction of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR-AB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDR-PS) and multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) isolated in a university hospital setting in Thailand.MethodTwo isolates of each selected bacterium were collected, XDR-AB1 and AB2, XDR- PS1 and PS2, and MDR-KP1 and KP2. Three triplicate experiments using various MB concentrations alone, various red light fluences alone, as well as the selected non-toxic doses of MB and fluences of red light combined as MB-aPDT were applied on each selected isolate. The colonies were counted [colony forming units (CFU)/ml]. Estimation of the lethal treatment dose defined as reduction of > 2 log10 in CFU/ml compared with untreated bacteria.ResultThere were generally negligible changes in the viable counts of the bacterial suspensions treated with all the MB concentrations (p > 0.05). In the second experiment with the only red light treatments, at fluences higher than 2 J/cm, reduction trend in viable counts across all the isolates was observed. Only for MDR-KP1, however, the lethal dose was achieved with the highest fluence of red light (80 J/cm). With the concentration of MB, 50 and 150 mg/L in the third experiment (MB-aPDT), the greater bacterial reduction was observed in all clinical isolates leading to their lethal viable cell reduction when escalating the light fluence to 80 J/cm.ConclusionsMB-aPDT evidently killed the selected XDR and MDR-gram negative bacteria. In highly drug-resistant crisis era, MB-aPDT could be a promising option, particularly for local infections and infection complicating chronic wounds. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T07:20:23Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-1bb7da60f55e4726adcbf2bf2b70e050 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2235-2988 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T07:20:23Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-1bb7da60f55e4726adcbf2bf2b70e0502022-12-22T00:33:23ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology2235-29882022-07-011210.3389/fcimb.2022.929242929242Methylene Blue–Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Clinical Isolates of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in Thailand, An In Vitro StudyChankiat Songsantiphap0Jakapat Vanichanan1Tanittha Chatsuwan2Tanittha Chatsuwan3Pravit Asawanonda4Einapak Boontaveeyuwat5Photodermatology Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandDepartment of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandAntimicrobial Resistance and Stewardship Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandPhotodermatology Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandPhotodermatology Unit, Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, ThailandBackground/PurposeSome multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria as a global threat have been recently prioritized for research and development of new treatments. We studied the efficacy of methylene blue–mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (MB-aPDT) for the reduction of extensively drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (XDR-AB) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (XDR-PS) and multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (MDR-KP) isolated in a university hospital setting in Thailand.MethodTwo isolates of each selected bacterium were collected, XDR-AB1 and AB2, XDR- PS1 and PS2, and MDR-KP1 and KP2. Three triplicate experiments using various MB concentrations alone, various red light fluences alone, as well as the selected non-toxic doses of MB and fluences of red light combined as MB-aPDT were applied on each selected isolate. The colonies were counted [colony forming units (CFU)/ml]. Estimation of the lethal treatment dose defined as reduction of > 2 log10 in CFU/ml compared with untreated bacteria.ResultThere were generally negligible changes in the viable counts of the bacterial suspensions treated with all the MB concentrations (p > 0.05). In the second experiment with the only red light treatments, at fluences higher than 2 J/cm, reduction trend in viable counts across all the isolates was observed. Only for MDR-KP1, however, the lethal dose was achieved with the highest fluence of red light (80 J/cm). With the concentration of MB, 50 and 150 mg/L in the third experiment (MB-aPDT), the greater bacterial reduction was observed in all clinical isolates leading to their lethal viable cell reduction when escalating the light fluence to 80 J/cm.ConclusionsMB-aPDT evidently killed the selected XDR and MDR-gram negative bacteria. In highly drug-resistant crisis era, MB-aPDT could be a promising option, particularly for local infections and infection complicating chronic wounds.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.929242/fullphotodynamic therapymethylene blue (MB)antimicrobialsmultidrug resistance (MDR)nosocomial infection |
| spellingShingle | Chankiat Songsantiphap Jakapat Vanichanan Tanittha Chatsuwan Tanittha Chatsuwan Pravit Asawanonda Einapak Boontaveeyuwat Methylene Blue–Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Clinical Isolates of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in Thailand, An In Vitro Study Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology photodynamic therapy methylene blue (MB) antimicrobials multidrug resistance (MDR) nosocomial infection |
| title | Methylene Blue–Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Clinical Isolates of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in Thailand, An In Vitro Study |
| title_full | Methylene Blue–Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Clinical Isolates of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in Thailand, An In Vitro Study |
| title_fullStr | Methylene Blue–Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Clinical Isolates of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in Thailand, An In Vitro Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Methylene Blue–Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Clinical Isolates of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in Thailand, An In Vitro Study |
| title_short | Methylene Blue–Mediated Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy Against Clinical Isolates of Extensively Drug Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria Causing Nosocomial Infections in Thailand, An In Vitro Study |
| title_sort | methylene blue mediated antimicrobial photodynamic therapy against clinical isolates of extensively drug resistant gram negative bacteria causing nosocomial infections in thailand an in vitro study |
| topic | photodynamic therapy methylene blue (MB) antimicrobials multidrug resistance (MDR) nosocomial infection |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcimb.2022.929242/full |
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